Iwashita Yasutaka, Tanaka Hajime
Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
Phys Rev Lett. 2007 Apr 6;98(14):145703. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.145703.
Nucleation and growth are a basic elementary process of ordering. The nucleation process is controlled by a competition between interfacial and bulk energy. Thus an ordered structure of a nucleus at its birth is not necessarily the most stable thermodynamically: Ostwald step rule. In addition to this, we found the topological transformation of nuclei from the most stable bulk structure (planar lamella) to a metastable one (onion) in a lyotropic liquid crystal. This indicates that the fate of nuclei of low-dimensional internal order can also be seriously affected by an additional competition between interfacial and elastic deformation energy.
成核与生长是有序化的基本过程。成核过程由界面能和体相能之间的竞争控制。因此，核在诞生时的有序结构在热力学上不一定是最稳定的：奥斯特瓦尔德阶段规则。除此之外，我们发现在溶致液晶中，核会发生拓扑转变，从最稳定的体相结构（平面片层）转变为亚稳结构（洋葱状）。这表明低维内部有序核的命运也会受到界面能和弹性变形能之间额外竞争的严重影响。
