Rego Carla, Rose Michael R, Matos Margarida
Centro de Biologia Ambiental, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
Physiol Biochem Zool. 2007 Jul-Aug;80(4):347-57. doi: 10.1086/518011. Epub 2007 Apr 27.
Adaptation to novel environments is a crucial theme in evolutionary biology, particularly because ex situ conservation forces populations to adapt to captivity. Here we analyze the evolution of life-history traits in two closely related species, Drosophila subobscura Collin and Drosophila madeirensis Monclus, during adaptation to the laboratory. Drosophila madeirensis, an endemic species from Madeira, is here shown to have less ability to adapt to the laboratory. Early fecundity was the only trait where this species showed a significant improvement with time. By comparison, D. subobscura improved in most traits, and its early fecundity increased faster than that of D. madeirensis. Our findings suggest that different species, even closely related ones, may adapt at different rates to the same environment.
适应新环境是进化生物学中的一个关键主题，特别是因为迁地保护迫使种群适应圈养环境。在此，我们分析了两个亲缘关系密切的物种，即柯氏黑腹果蝇（Drosophila subobscura Collin）和马德拉果蝇（Drosophila madeirensis Monclus）在适应实验室环境过程中生活史特征的演变。马德拉果蝇是来自马德拉岛的特有物种，研究表明它适应实验室环境的能力较弱。早期繁殖力是该物种随时间推移显示出显著改善的唯一性状。相比之下，柯氏黑腹果蝇在大多数性状上都有所改善，其早期繁殖力的增长速度比马德拉果蝇更快。我们的研究结果表明，不同物种，即使是亲缘关系密切的物种，对相同环境的适应速度可能不同。
