White Paul F, Kehlet Henrik, Neal Joseph M, Schricker Thomas, Carr Daniel B, Carli Franco
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Texas, USA.
Anesth Analg. 2007 Jun;104(6):1380-96, table of contents. doi: 10.1213/01.ane.0000263034.96885.e1.
Improving perioperative efficiency and throughput has become increasingly important in the modern practice of anesthesiology. Fast-track surgery represents a multidisciplinary approach to improving perioperative efficiency by facilitating recovery after both minor (i.e., outpatient) and major (inpatient) surgery procedures. In this article we focus on the expanding role of the anesthesiologist in fast-track surgery.
A multidisciplinary group of clinical investigators met at McGill University in the Fall of 2005 to discuss current anesthetic and surgical practices directed at improving the postoperative recovery process. A subgroup of the attendees at this conference was assigned the task of reviewing the peer-reviewed literature on this topic as it related to the role of the anesthesiologist as a perioperative physician.
Anesthesiologists as perioperative physicians play a key role in fast-track surgery through their choice of preoperative medication, anesthetics and techniques, use of prophylactic drugs to minimize side effects (e.g., pain, nausea and vomiting, dizziness), as well as the administration of adjunctive drugs to maintain major organ system function during and after surgery.
The decisions of the anesthesiologist as a key perioperative physician are of critical importance to the surgical care team in developing a successful fast-track surgery program.
在现代麻醉学实践中，提高围手术期效率和通量变得越来越重要。快速康复外科是一种多学科方法，通过促进小手术（即门诊手术）和大手术（住院手术）术后的恢复来提高围手术期效率。在本文中，我们重点关注麻醉医生在快速康复外科中不断扩大的作用。
2005年秋季，一组多学科临床研究人员在麦吉尔大学会面，讨论旨在改善术后恢复过程的当前麻醉和外科实践。本次会议的部分参会人员被分配了一项任务，即回顾与麻醉医生作为围手术期医生的角色相关的该主题的同行评审文献。
麻醉医生作为围手术期医生，在快速康复外科中发挥着关键作用，他们通过选择术前用药、麻醉剂和技术，使用预防性药物以尽量减少副作用（如疼痛、恶心呕吐、头晕），以及在手术期间和术后使用辅助药物来维持主要器官系统功能。
麻醉医生作为关键围手术期医生所做的决策，对于手术护理团队制定成功的快速康复外科方案至关重要。
