Rau Anne, Grossheinrich Nicola, Palm Ulrich, Pogarell Oliver, Padberg Frank
Dept. of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany.
Clin EEG Neurosci. 2007 Apr;38(2):105-15. doi: 10.1177/155005940703800213.
Given that a considerable portion of depressed patients does not respond to or remit during pharmacotherapy, there is increasing interest in non-pharmacological strategies to treat depressive disorders. Several brain stimulation approaches are currently being investigated as novel therapeutic interventions beside electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), a prototypic method in this field with proven effectiveness. These neurostimulation methods include repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), magnetic seizure therapy (MST), vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), deep brain stimulation (DBS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). It is via different neuroanatomically defined "windows" that the various approaches access the neuronal networks showing an altered function in depression. Also, the methods vary regarding their degree of invasiveness. One or the other method may finally achieve antidepressant effectiveness with minimized side effects and constitute a new effective treatment for major depression.
鉴于相当一部分抑郁症患者在药物治疗期间没有反应或无法缓解，人们对治疗抑郁症的非药物策略越来越感兴趣。目前正在研究几种脑刺激方法，作为电休克疗法（ECT）之外的新型治疗干预措施，ECT是该领域一种已被证实有效的原型方法。这些神经刺激方法包括重复经颅磁刺激（rTMS）、磁惊厥疗法（MST）、迷走神经刺激（VNS）、深部脑刺激（DBS）和经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）。各种方法通过不同的神经解剖学定义的“窗口”来进入在抑郁症中功能发生改变的神经网络。此外，这些方法在侵入程度上也有所不同。最终，其中一种或另一种方法可能以最小的副作用实现抗抑郁效果，并成为治疗重度抑郁症的一种新的有效疗法。
