Elbers A R W, Gorgievski-Duijvesteijn M J, van der Velden P G, Loeffen W L A
Divisie Virologie, Centraal Instituut voor Dierziekte Controle, Lelvstad.
Tijdschr Diergeneeskd. 2007 May 1;132(9):340-5.
Outbreaks of Classical Swine Fever (CSF) occurred in spring 2006 in Germany close to the Dutch border. On 6th April Dutch pig farmers were given the possibility to submit blood samples directly via their veterinary practitioner to the National Reference Laboratory for CSF if their pigs had non-specific clinical symptoms or if pigs were being treated with antibiotics. The pig farm was not quarantined and was not visited by the veterinary authorities. Over a period of 9 weeks 156 pig farmers submitted whole blood samples via 50 different veterinary practices. All samples tested negative in the PCR test. These pig farmers and veterinary practitioners were asked to respond to a postal questionnaire with questions regarding their experience with this new diagnostic possibility, the distribution of the costs involved, a comparison with other instruments, such as official notification or use of a leukocyte count test, and their knowledge of clinical signs of CSF. 65 pig farmers (42%) and 33 veterinary practices (66%) returned the questionnaire. The main results indicated that pig farmers (72%) would use this type of exclusion diagnostics sooner than that they would approach the veterinary authorities (practitioners: 86%). Moreover the respondents considered the fact that the farm was not quarantined immediately to be an advantage (pig farmers, 79%; practitioners, 88%). 32 percent of the pig farmers were not aware that they were required to submit blood samples if pigs were being treated with antibiotics (practitioners: 11%). The majority of pig farmers and practitioners were not satisfied with the current distribution of the costs involved: in their opinion the costs of the PCR test, the costs of the veterinary practitioner and the costs for shipping the samples to the reference laboratory should be paid out of the Animal Health Fund (50% government and 50% industry) or by the government. If the current distribution of the costs is not changed, a large proportion of the pig farmers indicated that they would not use this form of exclusion diagnostics for CSF in the future. Pig farmers appeared to have a rather limited knowledge of the clinical signs of CSF: 33% of the pig farmers could mention maximally three clinical signs of CSF, and 7% could not mention a single clinical sign of CSF and said they were entirely dependent on the practitioners' ability to judge a CSF-suspect situation.
2006年春季，德国靠近荷兰边境地区爆发了经典猪瘟（CSF）。4月6日，荷兰养猪户如果其猪出现非特异性临床症状或正在使用抗生素治疗，可通过其兽医直接向国家CSF参考实验室提交血样。猪场未被隔离，兽医当局也未到访。在9周的时间里，156名养猪户通过50家不同的兽医诊所提交了全血样本。所有样本在PCR检测中均呈阴性。这些养猪户和兽医被要求回复一份邮政问卷，问题涉及他们对这种新诊断方式的体验、相关费用的分摊、与其他手段（如官方通报或白细胞计数检测）的比较，以及他们对CSF临床症状的了解。65名养猪户（42%）和33家兽医诊所（66%）返回了问卷。主要结果表明，养猪户（72%）比向兽医当局求助（兽医：86%）更愿意尽早使用这种排除诊断方式。此外，受访者认为猪场未立即被隔离是一个优势（养猪户，79%；兽医，88%）。32%的养猪户不知道如果猪正在使用抗生素治疗就需要提交血样（兽医：11%）。大多数养猪户和兽医对当前相关费用的分摊不满意：在他们看来，PCR检测费用、兽医费用以及将样本运往参考实验室的费用应由动物健康基金（50%由政府承担，50%由行业承担）或政府支付。如果当前的费用分摊方式不变，很大一部分养猪户表示他们未来不会使用这种CSF排除诊断形式。养猪户对CSF临床症状的了解似乎相当有限：仅33%的养猪户最多能说出三种CSF临床症状，7%的养猪户一种CSF临床症状也说不出，称他们完全依赖兽医判断疑似CSF情况的能力。
