Skirvin D J, Kravar-Garde L, Reynolds K, Jones J, Mead A, Fenlon J
Warwick HRI, Wellesbourne, Warwick, CV35 9EF, UK.
Bull Entomol Res. 2007 Jun;97(3):309-15. doi: 10.1017/S0007485307005007.
Two experiments were done to examine the predation of thrips, and the movement of Orius laevigatus Fieber and Neoseiulus cucumeris (Oudemans) in the presence and absence of two supplemental food sources, pollen and the fungus Trichoderma viride. The presence of pollen led to a 55% reduction in predation of the thrips by N. cucumeris and a 40% reduction in thrips predation by O. laevigatus, in experiments using single predators. The presence of fungus had no significant effect on thrips predation by either of the natural enemy species. Movement of the natural enemies was examined in a multiple predator experiment, and this showed that O. laevigatus was more likely to remain on the plant in the presence of thrips and when supplemental food, either pollen or fungus, was present. For N. cucumeris, there was no association between the presence of thrips and the mite, with the majority of the mites being found on the leaves where pollen was present. Although the single and multiple predator experiments were done at different times, the indications are that the predation rates of the N. cucumeris do not differ greatly between the two experiments, suggesting that there may be a potential interference effect between the mites, which is not present for O. laevigatus. The significance of these results for the use of supplemental food sources in biological control is discussed.
进行了两项实验，以研究蓟马的捕食情况，以及在有和没有两种补充食物来源（花粉和绿色木霉真菌）的情况下，光滑盲蝽和黄瓜新小绥螨的活动情况。在使用单个捕食者的实验中，花粉的存在导致黄瓜新小绥螨对蓟马的捕食减少了55%，光滑盲蝽对蓟马的捕食减少了40%。真菌的存在对这两种天敌物种捕食蓟马均无显著影响。在多捕食者实验中研究了天敌的活动情况，结果表明，在有蓟马以及有补充食物（花粉或真菌）存在时，光滑盲蝽更有可能留在植株上。对于黄瓜新小绥螨而言，蓟马的存在与该螨之间没有关联，大多数螨出现在有花粉的叶片上。尽管单捕食者实验和多捕食者实验是在不同时间进行的，但迹象表明，黄瓜新小绥螨在这两项实验中的捕食率差异不大，这表明螨之间可能存在潜在的干扰效应，而光滑盲蝽不存在这种效应。本文讨论了这些结果对在生物防治中使用补充食物来源的意义。
