Ghasemzadeh Somayyeh, Leman Ada, Messelink Gerben J
Wageningen UR Greenhouse Horticulture, PO Box 20, 2265 ZG, Bleiswijk, The Netherlands.
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Urmia, Pardas-e Nazlou, 11th km of Serow Road, Urmia, Iran.
Exp Appl Acarol. 2017 Oct;73(2):209-221. doi: 10.1007/s10493-017-0191-1. Epub 2017 Nov 11.
The poinsettia thrips, Echinothrips americanus Morgan, is an upcoming pest in greenhouse crops, causing serious damage in various vegetable and ornamental crops through extensive foliage feeding. We assessed which stages of E. americanus are attacked and killed by the phytoseiid predatory mites Amblyseius swirskii (Athias-Henriot), Amblydromalus limonicus (Garman and McGregor), Euseius gallicus Kreiter and Tixier and Euseius ovalis (Evans). Both the predation and oviposition rates were assessed in the laboratory to evaluate which mite species is potentially the most effective predator of E. americanus. In two greenhouse trials with non-flowering sweet pepper plants, we compared the efficacy of the predators E. gallicus and E. ovalis with A. swirskii and we assessed how this was affected by the application of cattail pollen. All stages of E. americanus, except adults, were consumed by all species of predatory mites. The highest predation and oviposition rates were recorded for A. limonicus followed by A. swirskii and E. ovalis when first and second larval stages were provided as prey, but E. ovalis appeared to be the best predator of thrips pupae. Euseius gallicus displayed very low predation and oviposition rates compared to the other species of predatory mites. Cattail pollen did not support the population growth of poinsettia thrips, but it strongly increased the predatory mite population densities, particularly those of E. ovalis. Both A. swirskii and E. ovalis significantly reduced thrips densities on plants. The application of pollen significantly enhanced the control of E. americanus by A. swirskii; this was not the case for E. ovalis. Euseius gallicus did not reduce densities of E. americanus on sweet pepper plants, not even at high densities in the presence of pollen.
一品红蓟马（Echinothrips americanus Morgan）是温室作物中一种新兴害虫，通过大量取食叶片对多种蔬菜和观赏作物造成严重损害。我们评估了美洲钝绥螨（Amblyseius swirskii (Athias-Henriot)）、柠檬钝绥螨（Amblydromalus limonicus (Garman and McGregor)）、加利福尼亚真绥螨（Euseius gallicus Kreiter and Tixier）和卵形真绥螨（Euseius ovalis (Evans)）会攻击并杀死美洲蓟马的哪些发育阶段。在实验室中评估了捕食率和产卵率，以确定哪种螨类可能是美洲蓟马最有效的捕食者。在两项针对未开花甜椒植株的温室试验中，我们比较了加利福尼亚真绥螨和卵形真绥螨与斯氏钝绥螨的防治效果，并评估了香蒲花粉的施用对其有何影响。除成虫外，美洲蓟马的所有发育阶段均会被所有种类的捕食螨取食。当以第一和第二幼虫阶段作为猎物时，柠檬钝绥螨的捕食率和产卵率最高，其次是斯氏钝绥螨和卵形真绥螨，但卵形真绥螨似乎是蓟马蛹的最佳捕食者。与其他捕食螨种类相比，加利福尼亚真绥螨的捕食率和产卵率非常低。香蒲花粉不利于一品红蓟马种群增长，但能显著增加捕食螨的种群密度，尤其是卵形真绥螨的密度。斯氏钝绥螨和卵形真绥螨均显著降低了植株上的蓟马密度。花粉的施用显著增强了斯氏钝绥螨对美洲蓟马的防治效果；卵形真绥螨则不然。加利福尼亚真绥螨即使在花粉存在且高密度的情况下，也未降低甜椒植株上美洲蓟马的密度。
