Osterlund M, Blomgren J, Hayashi M, Mermod P, Nilsson L, Pomp S, Ohrn A, Prokofiev A V, Tippawan U
Department of Neutron Research, Uppsala University, Sweden.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2007;126(1-4):119-22. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncm025. Epub 2007 May 24.
Elastic neutron scattering from (12)C, (14)N, (16)O, (28)Si, (40)Ca, (56)Fe, (89)Y and (208)Pb has been studied at 96 MeV in the10-70 degrees interval, using the SCANDAL (SCAttered Nucleon Detection AssembLy) facility. The results for (12)C and (208)Pb have recently been published, while the data on the other nuclei are under analysis. The achieved energy resolution, 3.7 MeV, is about an order of magnitude better than for any previous experiment above 65 MeV incident energy. A novel method for normalisation of the absolute scale of the cross section has been used. The estimated normalisation uncertainty, 3%, is unprecedented for a neutron-induced differential cross section measurement on a nuclear target. Elastic neutron scattering is of utmost importance for a vast number of applications. Besides its fundamental importance as a laboratory for tests of isospin dependence in the nucleon-nucleon, and nucleon-nucleus, interaction, knowledge of the optical potentials derived from elastic scattering come into play in virtually every application where a detailed understanding of nuclear processes is important. Applications for these measurements are dose effects due to fast neutrons, including fast neutron therapy, as well as nuclear waste incineration and single event upsets in electronics. The results at light nuclei of medical relevance ((12)C, (14)N and (16)O) are presented separately. In the present contribution, results on the heavier nuclei are presented, among which several are of relevance to shielding of fast neutrons.
利用SCANDAL（散射核子探测组件）设施，在96兆电子伏特下，于10至70度区间研究了来自（12）C、（14）N、（16）O、（28）Si、（40）Ca、（56）Fe、（89）Y和（208）Pb的弹性中子散射。（12）C和（208）Pb的结果最近已发表，而其他原子核的数据正在分析中。所实现的能量分辨率为3.7兆电子伏特，比之前任何入射能量高于65兆电子伏特的实验大约好一个数量级。采用了一种用于归一化截面绝对标度的新方法。估计的归一化不确定度为3%，这在对核靶进行中子诱发微分截面测量中是前所未有的。弹性中子散射对大量应用至关重要。除了作为检验核子 - 核子以及核子 - 原子核相互作用中同位旋依赖性的实验室具有根本重要性外，从弹性散射推导的光学势知识在几乎每一个对核过程有详细理解很重要的应用中都发挥着作用。这些测量的应用包括快中子引起的剂量效应，包括快中子治疗，以及核废料焚烧和电子学中的单粒子翻转。与医学相关的轻核（（12）C、（14）N和（16）O）的结果已单独呈现。在本论文中，给出了较重原子核的结果，其中几个与快中子屏蔽相关。
