Laitinen-Väänänen Sirpa, Talvitie Ulla, Luukka Minna-Riitta
Faculty of Social and Health Care, Lahti University of Applied Sciences, Lahti, Finland.
Physiother Theory Pract. 2007 Mar-Apr;23(2):95-103. doi: 10.1080/09593980701212018.
The interaction between clinical educators and students is regarded as the strongest element in developing expertise and in forming students' professional identity in clinical education. Although clinical education has been studied in physiotherapy, the natural interaction between clinical educators and students has remained unanalyzed. The aim of this study was to examine how supervised learning sessions during patient treatment were constructed. The focus was on the forms of interaction between clinical educators and students in natural contexts. By videotaping 12 natural patient treatment sessions, which simultaneously comprised part of the clinical education of physiotherapy students, and by using qualitative discourse analysis, three supervision discourses emerged from the data: "directing the interaction," "making limited room for the student," and "encouraging the student's participation." This study revealed that clinical educators have a dominant role in constructing supervised learning sessions during patient treatment. Depending on how the interaction is constructed, it is possible to support or prevent student participation in decision making as well as to promote or reject the rehearsal of critical thinking or self-directed learning among students. This study highlighted the importance of interactional skills in supervision practices. More research into constructing learning sessions in clinical education is needed.
临床教育工作者与学生之间的互动被视为临床教育中培养专业技能和塑造学生职业身份的最有力因素。尽管物理治疗领域已对临床教育展开研究，但临床教育工作者与学生之间的自然互动仍未得到分析。本研究旨在探讨在患者治疗期间的督导学习课程是如何构建的。重点在于临床教育工作者与学生在自然情境中的互动形式。通过拍摄12次自然的患者治疗课程（这些课程同时也是物理治疗专业学生临床教育的一部分），并运用定性话语分析，从数据中浮现出三种督导话语：“引导互动”、“给学生留出有限空间”以及“鼓励学生参与”。本研究表明，临床教育工作者在构建患者治疗期间的督导学习课程中发挥着主导作用。根据互动的构建方式，有可能支持或阻碍学生参与决策，也有可能促进或抑制学生进行批判性思维或自主学习的演练。本研究凸显了互动技能在督导实践中的重要性。临床教育中关于构建学习课程的研究仍需进一步深入。
