Guo Ying-Kun, Yang Zhi-Gang, Li Yuan, Deng Yu-Ping, Ma En-Sen, Min Peng-Qiu, Zhang Xiao-Chun
Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
Eur J Radiol. 2007 Jun;62(3):359-70. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2006.12.011.
Adrenal glands are common sites of diseases. With dramatically increased use of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, more and more uncommon adrenal masses have been detected incidentally at abdominal examinations performed for other purposes. In this article, uncommon adrenal masses are classified as cystic masses (endothelial cysts, epithelial cysts, parasitic cysts, and pseudocysts), solid masses (ganglioneuroma, ganglioneuroblastoma, extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP), neurilemmoma, and lymphoma), fat-containing masses (myelolipoma, teratoma), and infectious masses (tuberculoma), and the imaging features of these uncommon masses are demonstrated. Although most of these lesions do not have specific imaging features, some fat-containing masses and cystic lesions present with characteristic appearances, such as myelolipoma, teratoma, and hydatid. Combination with histopathologic characteristic of these uncommon masses of adrenal gland, radiological features of these lesions on CT and MR imaging can be accurately understood with more confidences. Moreover, CT and MRI are highly accurate in localization of uncommon adrenal masses, and useful to guide surgical treatments.
肾上腺是疾病的常见部位。随着计算机断层扫描(CT)和磁共振成像(MR)的广泛应用,越来越多不常见的肾上腺肿块在因其他目的进行的腹部检查中被偶然发现。在本文中,不常见的肾上腺肿块被分类为囊性肿块(内皮囊肿、上皮囊肿、寄生虫囊肿和假性囊肿)、实性肿块(神经节瘤、神经节神经母细胞瘤、髓外浆细胞瘤(EMP)、神经鞘瘤和淋巴瘤)、含脂肪肿块(髓脂肪瘤、畸胎瘤)和感染性肿块(结核瘤),并展示了这些不常见肿块的影像学特征。虽然这些病变大多数没有特异性的影像学特征,但一些含脂肪肿块和囊性病变呈现出特征性表现,如髓脂肪瘤、畸胎瘤和包虫囊肿。结合肾上腺这些不常见肿块的组织病理学特征,可以更准确、更有信心地理解这些病变在CT和MR成像上的影像学特征。此外,CT和MRI在不常见肾上腺肿块的定位方面高度准确,有助于指导手术治疗。