Proff Peter, Gedrange Tomas, Franke Reiner, Schubert Harald, Fanghänel Jochen, Miehe Bärbel, Harzer Winfried
Poliklinik für Kieferorthopädie, Präventive Zahnmedizin und Kinderzahnheilkunde, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald, Rotgerberstrasse 8, 17487 Greifswald, Germany.
Ann Anat. 2007;189(3):269-75. doi: 10.1016/j.aanat.2006.09.006.
The condylar cartilage of the mandible is considered a secondary growth center and represents a joint cartilage different from other cartilage structures regarding its histological structure, its histochemical and immunohistochemical properties and its growth pattern. This study aimed to histologically and histomorphometrically investigate the condylar cartilage after anterior mandibular displacement similar to functional orthopedic treatment. A total of 12 pigs (sus scrofa domesticus) aged 10 weeks were divided into an experimental group and a control group comprising 6 animals each. The experimental animals were provided bilaterally with synthetic occlusal build-ups in the posterior area which induced anterior displacement of the mandible in terminal occlusion. After 4 weeks, the temporomandibular structures were removed en bloc and the condylar cartilage was analyzed histologically and histomorphometrically. As a result, the experimental animals displayed a significantly increased total cartilage thickness of the posterocranial mandibular condyle which was primarily caused by an increase in thickness of the hypertrophic and chondogenic layers. Similarly, the proliferative layer showed a significant increase, whereas significant differences in thickness were absent in the articular layer. Increased cell proliferation was not observed in the experimental animals as compared to the controls. The changes found in the condylar cartilage area suggest that the zonal structure of the condylar cartilage may be modified by an altered spatial relationship between the mandibular condyle and the glenoid fossa.
下颌骨髁突软骨被认为是一个次级生长中心，就其组织结构、组织化学和免疫组织化学特性以及生长模式而言，它代表了一种不同于其他软骨结构的关节软骨。本研究旨在从组织学和组织形态计量学方面，对类似于功能性矫形治疗的下颌前移位后的髁突软骨进行研究。总共12只10周龄的猪（家猪）被分为实验组和对照组，每组6只动物。给实验组动物双侧后牙区放置合成咬合垫高，这会导致下颌骨在终末咬合时向前移位。4周后，将颞下颌结构整体切除，对髁突软骨进行组织学和组织形态计量学分析。结果显示，实验组动物下颌后颅侧髁突的软骨总厚度显著增加，这主要是由于肥大层和软骨生成层厚度增加所致。同样，增殖层也显著增厚，而关节层厚度没有显著差异。与对照组相比，实验组动物未观察到细胞增殖增加。在髁突软骨区域发现的这些变化表明，髁突软骨的分层结构可能会因髁突与关节窝之间空间关系的改变而发生改变。
