Kemps Eva, Tiggemann Marika
School of Psychology, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
J Exp Psychol Appl. 2007 Jun;13(2):95-104. doi: 10.1037/1076-898X.13.2.95.
Based on converging evidence that visual and olfactory images are key components of food cravings, the authors tested a central prediction of the elaborated intrusion theory of desire, that mutual competition between modality-specific tasks and desire-related imagery can suppress such cravings. In each of Experiments 1 and 2, 90 undergraduate women underwent an imaginal food craving induction protocol and then completed either a visual, auditory, or olfactory imagery task. As predicted, the visual and olfactory imagery tasks were superior to the auditory imagery task in reducing participants' craving for food in general (Experiment 1) and for chocolate in particular (Experiment 2). Experiment 3 replicated these findings in a sample of 96 women using a nonimagery craving induction procedure involving a combination of chocolate deprivation and exposure to chocolate cues. Thus, imagery techniques in the visual or olfactory domain hold promise for treating problematic cravings in disordered eating populations.
基于越来越多的证据表明视觉和嗅觉意象是食物渴望的关键组成部分，作者测试了欲望的详尽侵入理论的一个核心预测，即特定模态任务与欲望相关意象之间的相互竞争可以抑制这种渴望。在实验1和实验2中，90名本科女性都经历了一次想象性食物渴望诱导程序，然后完成了一项视觉、听觉或嗅觉意象任务。正如预测的那样，视觉和嗅觉意象任务在总体上（实验1）以及特别是对巧克力的渴望（实验2）方面，在减少参与者对食物的渴望上优于听觉意象任务。实验3在96名女性样本中重复了这些发现，使用了一种非意象性渴望诱导程序，该程序包括巧克力剥夺和接触巧克力线索。因此，视觉或嗅觉领域的意象技术有望治疗饮食失调人群中存在问题的渴望。
