McGroarty Allan, Baxter James S
Department of Psychology, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
Br J Psychol. 2007 Aug;98(Pt 3):455-65. doi: 10.1348/000712606X147510.
Much experimental research on interrogative pressure has concentrated on the effects of leading questions, and the role of feedback in influencing responses in the absence of leading questions has been neglected by comparison. This study assessed the effect of negative feedback and the presence of a second interviewer on interviewee responding in simulated forensic interviews. Participants viewed a videotape of a crime, answered questions about the clip and were requestioned after receiving feedback. Compared with neutral feedback, negative feedback resulted in more response changes, higher reported state anxiety and higher ratings of interview difficulty. These results are consistent with Gudjonsson and Clark's (1986) model of interrogative suggestibility. The presence and involvement of a second interviewer did not significantly affect interviewee responding, although trait anxiety scores were elevated when a second interviewer was present. The theoretical and applied implications of these findings are considered.
许多关于讯问压力的实验研究都集中在诱导性问题的影响上，相比之下，反馈在无诱导性问题时对回答的影响作用却被忽视了。本研究评估了负面反馈以及第二名面试官的在场对模拟法医讯问中受访者回答的影响。参与者观看了一段犯罪视频，回答关于该视频片段的问题，并在收到反馈后再次接受询问。与中性反馈相比，负面反馈导致更多的回答变化、更高的报告状态焦虑以及更高的讯问难度评分。这些结果与古德琼森和克拉克（1986年）的讯问易受暗示性模型一致。第二名面试官的在场和参与并没有显著影响受访者的回答，尽管第二名面试官在场时特质焦虑得分有所升高。本文考虑了这些发现的理论和应用意义。
