Dzikiewicz Agnieszka, Szweykowska-Kulińska Zofia
Zakład Ekspresji Genów, Instytut Biologii Molekularnej i Biotechnologii, Uniwersytet im. A. Mickiewicza, Poznań.
Postepy Biochem. 2006;52(4):390-8.
Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a surveillance pathway that protects cells from potentially harmful effects of truncated proteins that would otherwise be translated from mRNAs bearing premature termination codons (PTC). NMD targets not only aberrant mRNAs possessing PTCs resulting from mutations, transcription errors or abnormal splicing but is also thought to be involved in regulating the expression of several wild-type transcripts (approximately 10% of the transcriptome). NMD is a conserved pathway present in all eukaryotic organisms studied so far (yeast, nematoda, flies, mammals and plants). The key players involved in NMD are also conserved among these species. However, details of NMD mechanism vary among eukaryotic organisms studied so far.
无义介导的mRNA降解（NMD）是一种监测途径，可保护细胞免受截短蛋白潜在的有害影响，否则这些截短蛋白将从带有提前终止密码子（PTC）的mRNA翻译而来。NMD不仅靶向因突变、转录错误或异常剪接而具有PTC的异常mRNA，还被认为参与调节几种野生型转录本的表达（约占转录组的10%）。NMD是迄今为止在所有研究过的真核生物（酵母、线虫、果蝇、哺乳动物和植物）中都存在的保守途径。参与NMD的关键因子在这些物种中也具有保守性。然而，到目前为止，在已研究的真核生物中，NMD机制的细节各不相同。
