Fortenbaugh Dave, Butcher-Mokha Monique
University of Miami, McArthur Engineering Building, Room 268, Coral Gables, FL 33124, USA.
Sports Biomech. 2007 Jan;6(1):2-16. doi: 10.1080/14763140601058375.
The aim of this study was to provide an in-depth analysis of the pick-off play in baseball. Ten collegiate left-handed pitchers and nine base-runners participated in this study. The pitchers were videotaped with four cameras to derive three-dimensional data while performing deliveries in the directions of first base and home plate in a laboratory setting. Deliveries were performed from flat ground. Differences between these deliveries were measured through ten selected joint and segment angles. The base-runners completed two distinct procedures in which they viewed video footage of left-handed pitchers and estimated the intended delivery direction. Base-runners were subsequently interviewed to determine the reasoning behind their decisions. The pitchers' data revealed differences between delivery types in nearly all of the selected angles (P < 0.01). The base-runners' data demonstrated that their ability to discriminate delivery types improved when allowed more viewing time per trial (P < 0.01). Additionally, commonalities exist among the base-runners' focal points on the pitcher while making decisions regarding delivery direction and the kinematic differences between deliveries in left-handed pitchers. The practical significance of these results, however, may be more difficult to interpret.
本研究的目的是对棒球中的牵制球战术进行深入分析。十名大学左投手和九名跑垒员参与了本研究。在实验室环境中，使用四台摄像机对投手进行录像，以便在向一垒和本垒方向投球时获取三维数据。投球是在平地上进行的。通过十个选定的关节和节段角度来测量这些投球之间的差异。跑垒员完成了两个不同的程序，在这两个程序中，他们观看左投手的视频片段并估计投球的预期方向。随后对跑垒员进行访谈，以确定他们做出决策的背后原因。投手的数据显示，在几乎所有选定角度上，不同投球类型之间存在差异（P < 0.01）。跑垒员的数据表明，当每次试验允许更多观看时间时，他们区分投球类型的能力有所提高（P < 0.01）。此外，跑垒员在判断投球方向时对投手的关注点存在共性，以及左投手投球之间的运动学差异。然而，这些结果的实际意义可能更难解释。
