Rodríguez Angulo Elsa, Montero Cervantes Landy, Andueza Pech Guadalupe, Manrique Vergara William
Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, México.
Ginecol Obstet Mex. 2007 Feb;75(2):79-85.
To describe clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of maternal deaths occurred from 1997 to 2001, so as the access and availability of services of health, in the municipality of Chemax, Yucatan, Mexico.
Acts and certificates of death of women born in the municipality of Chemax were reviewed. The maternal deaths were classified in direct and indirect obstetrical deaths, according to criteria of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (tenth revision). The knowledge of the women on risks in the pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period was explored indirectly in the relatives, as well as perceptions of these last ones on the death. The time passed between the search of aid and the attention was calculated.
Nine cases of maternal deaths were registered during 1997-2001 period, two of which were findings of the study. The principal cause was the obstetric hemorrhage. The 9 women spoke Mayan an 5 understood in addition the Spanish. The women did not know the obstetrical risks. The perceptions of the relatives on the deaths were bound to myths, lack of information and medical attention. The minimum time of transfer for the attention of the childbirth was of 10 minutes and the maximum of 2 hours. For the attention of the complications, eigth women were transferred to a hospital outside their locality.
The hemorrhage postpartum was the leading cause of maternal death in Chemax. Sociodemographic factors and of access to the health services, characterized to the maternal deaths in this community. Something similar could be happening in other communities very marginalized of Yucatan.
描述1997年至2001年间墨西哥尤卡坦州切马克斯市孕产妇死亡的临床和社会人口学特征，以及卫生服务的可及性和可得性。
查阅切马克斯市出生女性的死亡证明和记录。根据《国际疾病和相关健康问题统计分类》（第十版）标准，将孕产妇死亡分为直接产科死亡和间接产科死亡。通过询问亲属间接了解这些女性对妊娠、分娩和产后风险的认知，以及他们对死亡的看法。计算寻求帮助与获得救治之间的时间间隔。
1997年至2001年期间登记了9例孕产妇死亡病例，其中2例为该研究发现。主要死因是产科出血。9名女性讲玛雅语，其中5名还懂西班牙语。这些女性不了解产科风险。亲属对死亡的看法与迷信、信息缺乏和医疗救治有关。分娩转诊的最短时间为10分钟，最长为2小时。对于并发症的救治，8名女性被转诊到当地以外的医院。
产后出血是切马克斯市孕产妇死亡的主要原因。社会人口学因素和卫生服务的可及性是该社区孕产妇死亡的特征。在尤卡坦州其他极度边缘化的社区可能也存在类似情况。
