Revai Krystal, Dobbs Laura A, Nair Sangeeta, Patel Janak A, Grady James J, Chonmaitree Tasnee
Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555-0371, USA.
Pediatrics. 2007 Jun;119(6):e1408-12. doi: 10.1542/peds.2006-2881.
Infants and young children are prone to developing upper respiratory tract infections, which often result in bacterial complications such as acute otitis media and sinusitis. We evaluated 623 upper respiratory tract infection episodes in 112 children (6-35 months of age) to determine the proportion of upper respiratory tract infection episodes that result in acute otitis media or sinusitis. Of all upper respiratory tract infections, 30% were complicated by acute otitis media and 8% were complicated by sinusitis. The rate of acute otitis media after upper respiratory tract infection declined with increasing age, whereas the rate of sinusitis after upper respiratory tract infection peaked in the second year of life. Risk for acute otitis media may be reduced substantially by avoiding frequent exposure to respiratory viruses (eg, avoidance of day care attendance) in the first year of life.
婴幼儿容易患上呼吸道感染，这常常会引发细菌性并发症，如急性中耳炎和鼻窦炎。我们评估了112名6至35个月大儿童的623次上呼吸道感染发作情况，以确定导致急性中耳炎或鼻窦炎的上呼吸道感染发作比例。在所有上呼吸道感染中，30%并发急性中耳炎，8%并发鼻窦炎。上呼吸道感染后急性中耳炎的发病率随年龄增长而下降，而上呼吸道感染后鼻窦炎的发病率在生命的第二年达到峰值。在生命的第一年，通过避免频繁接触呼吸道病毒（如避免去日托中心），急性中耳炎的风险可能会大幅降低。
