Phelan Mary Beth
Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, USA.
Trauma Violence Abuse. 2007 Apr;8(2):199-213. doi: 10.1177/1524838007301221.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with negative health consequences. Universal screening for IPV offers many opportunities for successful intervention, yet this practice in medical settings is controversial. This article examines the potential impact of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendations for IPV screening and the emerging literature supporting measurable health benefits resulting from screening interventions in medical settings. Several screening tools and methods of administration that have been evaluated in various clinical settings, with goals to increase their sensitivity and to determine a best method of administration, are reviewed in this article. Mandatory reporting is closely linked to screening practices and may influence healthcare worker practice and patient disclosure. Mandatory reporting studies are lacking and show variable physician compliance, victim acceptance, and scant outcome data. Informed consent prior to screening, explaining the process of mandatory reporting statutes and victim options should be evaluated to increase sensitivity of screening tools.
亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）与负面健康后果相关。对IPV进行普遍筛查为成功干预提供了许多机会，但这种在医疗环境中的做法存在争议。本文探讨了美国预防服务工作组（USPSTF）关于IPV筛查建议的潜在影响，以及支持在医疗环境中进行筛查干预可带来可衡量健康益处的新文献。本文还回顾了在各种临床环境中评估过的几种筛查工具和实施方法，目的是提高其敏感性并确定最佳实施方法。强制报告与筛查实践密切相关，可能会影响医护人员的行为和患者的披露情况。目前缺乏强制报告研究，且研究显示医生的依从性、受害者的接受度各不相同，结果数据也很少。在筛查前应评估知情同意情况，解释强制报告法规的程序和受害者的选择，以提高筛查工具的敏感性。
