Adams Craig, Witt Emitt C, Wang Jianmin, Shaver David K, Summers David, Filali-Meknassi Youssef, Shi Honglan, Luna Ronaldo, Anderson Neil
Environmental Research Center for Emerging Contaminants, Rock Mechanics and Explosives Center, and Natural Hazard Mitigation Insitute, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA.
Environ Sci Technol. 2007 May 15;41(10):3437-43. doi: 10.1021/es0620991.
Hurricane Katrina made landfall on the Louisiana peninsula south of New Orleans on Aug 29, 2005. The resulting storm surge caused numerous levy breaches in the parishes of New Orleans as well as on the Louisiana peninsula. This study was conducted to determine the concentrations of inorganic and organic constituents in sediments and associated soils in New Orleans parishes and the Louisiana peninsula after the floodwaters had been removed and/or receded following Hurricane Katrina. A total of 46 sediment and soil samples were analyzed that were collected throughout New Orleans and the Louisiana peninsula. Approximately 20% of the sediment samples were analyzed, including shallow sediment samples from locations that included the top and beneath automobiles, in residential and commercial areas, and near refineries. Gasoline constituents, pesticides, and leachable heavy metals were analyzed using headspace gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), organic extraction GC/MS, and inductively coupled plasma/mass spectrometry, respectively. A significant number of samples had leachable As and Pb concentrations in excess of drinking water standards. The remaining metals analyzed (i.e., Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, and V) generally had much lower leachable levels. Of the gasoline constituents, only benzene was observed above the limit of detection (of 5 microg/kg), with no samples observed as being above the method detection limits of 10 microg/kg. For the 18 pesticides analyzed, most were in the nondetectable range and all were in trace amounts that were orders of magnitude below regulatory guidelines.
2005年8月29日，卡特里娜飓风在新奥尔良以南的路易斯安那半岛登陆。由此产生的风暴潮导致新奥尔良教区以及路易斯安那半岛的许多堤坝决口。本研究旨在确定卡特里娜飓风过后洪水退去后，新奥尔良教区和路易斯安那半岛沉积物及相关土壤中无机和有机成分的浓度。共分析了从新奥尔良和路易斯安那半岛各地采集的46个沉积物和土壤样本。大约20%的沉积物样本进行了分析，包括来自汽车顶部和底部、住宅和商业区以及炼油厂附近等地的浅层沉积物样本。分别使用顶空气相色谱/质谱联用仪（GC/MS）、有机萃取GC/MS和电感耦合等离子体质谱仪分析汽油成分、农药和可浸出重金属。大量样本的可浸出砷和铅浓度超过了饮用水标准。分析的其余金属（即镉、铬、铜、汞和钒）的可浸出水平通常要低得多。在汽油成分中，仅观察到苯超过检测限（5微克/千克），没有样本超过方法检测限10微克/千克。对于所分析的18种农药，大多数处于未检出范围，且所有农药的含量均为痕量，比监管指南低几个数量级。
