Deep Gagan, Agarwal Rajesh
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, CO 80262, USA.
Integr Cancer Ther. 2007 Jun;6(2):130-45. doi: 10.1177/1534735407301441.
Prevention and therapeutic intervention by phytochemicals are newer dimensions in the arena of cancer management. In this regard, the cancer chemopreventive role of silymarin (Silybum marianum) has been extensively studied and has shown anticancer efficacy against various cancer sites, especially skin and prostate. In skin cancer, silymarin treatment inhibits ultraviolet B radiation or chemically initiated or promoted carcinogenesis. These effects of silymarin against skin carcinogenesis have been attributed to its strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action as well as its inhibitory effect on mitogenic signaling. Similarly, silymarin treatment inhibits 3, 2-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl-induced prostate carcinogenesis and retards the growth of advanced prostate tumor xenograft in athymic nude mice. In prostate cancer, silymarin treatment down-regulates androgen receptor-, epidermal growth factor receptor-, and nuclear factor-kappaB- mediated signaling and induces cell cycle arrest. Extensive preclinical findings have supported the anticancer potential of silymarin, and now its efficacy is being evaluated in cancer patients.
植物化学物质的预防和治疗干预是癌症管理领域的新维度。在这方面，水飞蓟素（水飞蓟）的癌症化学预防作用已得到广泛研究，并已显示出对各种癌症部位，特别是皮肤和前列腺的抗癌功效。在皮肤癌中，水飞蓟素治疗可抑制紫外线B辐射或化学引发或促进的致癌作用。水飞蓟素对皮肤致癌作用的这些影响归因于其强大的抗氧化和抗炎作用以及对有丝分裂信号的抑制作用。同样，水飞蓟素治疗可抑制3,2-二甲基-4-氨基联苯诱导的前列腺癌发生，并延缓无胸腺裸鼠中晚期前列腺肿瘤异种移植的生长。在前列腺癌中，水飞蓟素治疗可下调雄激素受体、表皮生长因子受体和核因子-κB介导的信号传导，并诱导细胞周期停滞。大量临床前研究结果支持了水飞蓟素的抗癌潜力，现在正在癌症患者中评估其疗效。
