Gross Thomas F
Department of Psychology, University of Redlands, 1200 E. Colton Ave, PO Box 3080, Redlands, CA 92373-0999, USA.
J Autism Dev Disord. 2008 Feb;38(2):297-311. doi: 10.1007/s10803-007-0391-3. Epub 2007 Jun 5.
The recognition of facial immaturity and emotional expression by children with autism, language disorders, mental retardation, and non-disabled controls was studied in two experiments. Children identified immaturity and expression in upright and inverted faces. The autism group identified fewer immature faces and expressions than control (Exp. 1 & 2), language disordered (Exp. 1), and mental retardation (Exp. 2) groups. Facial inversion interfered with all groups' recognition of facial immaturity and with control and language disordered groups' recognition of expression. Error analyses (Exp. 1 & 2) showed similarities between autism and other groups' perception of immaturity but differences in perception of expressions. Reasons for similarities and differences between children with and without autism when perceiving facial immaturity and expression are discussed.
在两项实验中,研究了患有自闭症、语言障碍、智力迟钝的儿童以及无障碍对照组儿童对面部不成熟和情感表达的识别能力。儿童能够识别正立和倒置面孔中的不成熟和表情。自闭症组识别出的不成熟面孔和表情比对照组(实验1和2)、语言障碍组(实验1)和智力迟钝组(实验2)更少。面部倒置干扰了所有组对面部不成熟的识别,以及对照组和语言障碍组对表情的识别。误差分析(实验1和2)表明,自闭症组与其他组在对面部不成熟的感知上存在相似之处,但在表情感知上存在差异。本文讨论了自闭症儿童与非自闭症儿童在感知面部不成熟和表情时异同的原因。