Totoń Ewa, Rybczyńska Maria
Zakład Chemii Klinicznej, Katedra Biochemii Farmaceutycznej Uniwersytetu Medycznego im. K. Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu, Poznań, Poland.
Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online). 2007 May 16;61:303-9.
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a 125-kDa cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase located in cells which create attachments with the extracellular matrix (ECM) or with other cells. The primary function of FAK is to transmit the signal coming from the integrine receptor, participating in adhesion, to the intracellular protein cascade. The FAK kinase transducing the signal indirectly plays a crucial role in many cellular processes. This protein is engaged in cell cycle regulation, adhesion, migration, invasion and metastasis, cytoskeleton protein phosphorylation, and apoptosis. Deregulation of the FAK-dependent processes, e.g. adhesion, growth, viability, and cell mobility, is a significant element of cancer progression. FAK protein level expression is varies widely and depends on the development grade of the cancer. A minor FAK overexpression is already observed in the preinvasion grade, increasing significantly in the invasive state. The high FAK expression correlates with cancer cell migration, invasion, and ability for metastasis. The evaluation of FAK expression in cancer cells might become an important prognostic factor, since FAK expression studies provide important information that provides the opportunity to identify the cancer grade.
粘着斑激酶（FAK）是一种125千道尔顿的细胞质酪氨酸激酶，存在于与细胞外基质（ECM）或其他细胞形成附着的细胞中。FAK的主要功能是将来自整合素受体的信号传递到细胞内蛋白质级联反应中，参与细胞黏附。间接转导信号的FAK激酶在许多细胞过程中起着关键作用。这种蛋白质参与细胞周期调控、黏附、迁移、侵袭和转移、细胞骨架蛋白磷酸化以及细胞凋亡。FAK依赖的过程失调，如黏附、生长、活力和细胞迁移，是癌症进展的重要因素。FAK蛋白水平表达差异很大，取决于癌症的发展程度。在侵袭前阶段就已观察到FAK有轻微过表达，在侵袭状态下显著增加。FAK高表达与癌细胞迁移、侵袭和转移能力相关。评估癌细胞中FAK的表达可能成为一个重要的预后因素，因为FAK表达研究提供了重要信息，有机会识别癌症分级。
