Stokowska Anna, Stalke Piotr, Bielawski Krzysztof Piotr
Pracownia Diagnostyki Molekularnej, Katedra Biotechnologii, Miedzyuczelniany Wydział Biotechnologii Uniwersytet Gdański-Akademia Medyczna w Gdańsku, Gdańsk, Poland.
Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online). 2007 May 18;61:310-9.
The frequent occurrence of metastases from the primary tumor present a major therapeutic problem in hepatocellular cancer because of the hematogenous spread of cancer cells. Standard imaging diagnostics methods do not allow for an early detection of relapse of the disease, as opposed to the analysis of molecular cell markers, especially mRNA-based methods, in peripheral blood samples by RT-PCR. Analysis of alphafetoprotein expression is the "gold standard" in the diagnostics of HCC at the protein and mRNA level because of its specificity for liver cancer. However, working out an analysis protocol is problematic and the utility of the marker in monitoring a patient's status in the perioperative period remains controversial. New HCC markers are being searched for among the highly liver-specific ones and those shared between various cancers types. Markers associated with freely circulating nucleic acids are also studied and quantitative assays are used. An assay for several markers simultaneously could give satisfactory results.
由于癌细胞的血行扩散，原发性肿瘤转移的频繁发生在肝细胞癌中构成了一个主要的治疗问题。与通过RT-PCR分析外周血样本中的分子细胞标志物（尤其是基于mRNA的方法）不同，标准的成像诊断方法无法早期检测到疾病的复发。甲胎蛋白表达分析因其对肝癌的特异性，在蛋白质和mRNA水平上是肝癌诊断的“金标准”。然而，制定分析方案存在问题，并且该标志物在监测患者围手术期状态方面的效用仍存在争议。正在高度肝脏特异性的标志物以及各种癌症类型共有的标志物中寻找新的肝癌标志物。与自由循环核酸相关的标志物也在研究中，并使用定量测定法。同时检测几种标志物的测定法可能会给出令人满意的结果。
