Todaro John F, Shen Biing-Jiun, Raffa Susan D, Tilkemeier Peter L, Niaura Raymond
Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, Brown Medical School, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.
J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2007 Mar-Apr;27(2):86-91. doi: 10.1097/01.HCR.0000265036.24157.e7.
Anxiety has been associated with the development and recurrence of coronary heart disease (CHD). The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of anxiety disorders in men and women with established CHD.
One hundred fifty CHD patients were evaluated via a semistructured, psychiatric interview to assess both current and lifetime prevalence rates of anxiety disorders.
Approximately 36.0% (n = 54) of cardiac patients met the diagnostic criteria for at least 1 current anxiety disorder, and 45.3% (n = 68) presented with an anxiety disorder at some point in their lifetime. Social phobia and generalized anxiety disorder were the most prevalent anxiety disorders observed, with current prevalence rates of 21.3% and 18.7%, respectively, and a lifetime prevalence of 26%. In addition, the current prevalence rate of specific phobia was approximately 14.7%, whereas 15.3% met the lifetime criteria. Lower prevalence rates for panic disorder (current = 4.7%, lifetime = 5.3%), agoraphobia (current = 3.3%, lifetime = 4.7%), posttraumatic stress disorder (current = 0%, lifetime = 1.5%), and obsessive compulsive disorder (current = 0%, lifetime = 0.7%) were observed. Female cardiac patients evidenced significantly higher current (women = 58.3% vs. 25.5%, P < .001) and lifetime (women = 70.8% vs. men = 33.3%, P < .001) rates of anxiety disorders compared with their male counterparts.
A considerable number of CHD patients evidence a significant history of anxiety. Greater efforts to identify and treat anxiety in outpatient cardiology and cardiac rehabilitation settings are needed.
焦虑与冠心病（CHD）的发生及复发相关。本研究的目的是评估已确诊冠心病的男性和女性中焦虑症的患病率。
通过半结构化的精神科访谈对150例冠心病患者进行评估，以确定焦虑症的当前患病率和终生患病率。
约36.0%（n = 54）的心脏病患者符合至少一种当前焦虑症的诊断标准，45.3%（n = 68）在其一生中的某个阶段患有焦虑症。社交恐惧症和广泛性焦虑症是最常见的焦虑症，当前患病率分别为21.3%和18.7%，终生患病率为26%。此外，特定恐惧症的当前患病率约为14.7%，而15.3%符合终生标准。惊恐障碍（当前 = 4.7%，终生 = 5.3%）、广场恐惧症（当前 = 3.3%，终生 = 4.7%）、创伤后应激障碍（当前 = 0%，终生 = 1.5%）和强迫症（当前 = 0%，终生 = 0.7%）的患病率较低。与男性心脏病患者相比，女性心脏病患者的当前（女性 = 58.3% 对男性 = 25.5%，P <.001）和终生（女性 = 70.8% 对男性 = 33.3%，P <.001）焦虑症患病率显著更高。
相当数量的冠心病患者有明显的焦虑病史。需要在门诊心脏病学和心脏康复环境中加大力度识别和治疗焦虑症。
