Li Maoteng, Liu Jianmin, Wang Yanting, Yu Longjiang, Meng Jinling
National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
J Genet Genomics. 2007 May;34(5):460-8. doi: 10.1016/S1673-8527(07)60050-2.
A breeding strategy for widening the germplasm of Brassica napus was proposed by introgression of the A(r) subgenome of B. rapa (A(r)A(r)) and C(c) of B. carinata (B(c)B(c)C(c)C(c)) into natural B. napus (A(n)A(n)C(n)C(n)). The progenies with 38 chromosomes that were derived from the self-pollinated seeds of pentaploid hybrids (A(r)A(n)B(c)C(c)C(n)) were used for further research. Some of the partial new-typed B. napus showed normal meiotic behavior, high portion of germinated pollen and normal embryological development. This indicates that the selected new-typed B. napus had a balanced genetic base. Molecular analysis showed that about 50% of the genome in the new-typed B. napus was replaced by A(r) and C(c) subgenome from B. rapa and B. carinata. Considering the genetic diversity among different lines of new-typed B. napus it was deduced that the introgression of the genomic components from B. rapa and B. carinata could widen the genetic diversity of rapeseed.
提出了一种通过将白菜型油菜（A(r)A(r)）的A(r)亚基因组和埃塞俄比亚芥（B(c)B(c)C(c)C(c)）的C(c)导入天然甘蓝型油菜（A(n)A(n)C(n)C(n)）来拓宽甘蓝型油菜种质的育种策略。从五倍体杂种（A(r)A(n)B(c)C(c)C(n)）的自交种子中获得的具有38条染色体的后代用于进一步研究。部分新型甘蓝型油菜表现出正常的减数分裂行为、较高的花粉萌发率和正常的胚胎发育。这表明所选的新型甘蓝型油菜具有平衡的遗传基础。分子分析表明，新型甘蓝型油菜约50%的基因组被来自白菜型油菜和埃塞俄比亚芥的A(r)和C(c)亚基因组所取代。考虑到不同新型甘蓝型油菜品系之间的遗传多样性，推断来自白菜型油菜和埃塞俄比亚芥的基因组成分的导入可以拓宽油菜的遗传多样性。
