Yang Rongjie, Tan Xiaoyu, Kenney Robert J, Thomas Ann, Landis Mary, Qureshi Nilofer, Morrison David C, Van Way Charles W
Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64108, USA.
J Surg Res. 2008 Jan;144(1):124-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2007.04.010. Epub 2007 Jun 8.
The reservoir model of rat hemorrhagic shock is widely used. In this model, either the carotid or femoral artery can be cannulated to withdraw blood and measure pressure. In animals undergoing hemorrhage using the carotid approach, we observed seizure activity during the post-shock period, suggesting some degree of brain damage. The hypothesis of the present study is that survival in a model of severe hemorrhagic shock would be higher with femoral cannulation than with carotid cannulation.
All animals (n = 90) were anesthetized with isoflurane using an anesthesia vaporizer while breathing spontaneously. In group 1, the left carotid artery and jugular vein were cannulated; in group 2, the left femoral artery and vein were cannulated. Following a period of hemorrhagic shock (20 to 30 mmHg for 30, 60, or 50-90 min), resuscitation was performed through the venous cannula by giving L-lactated Ringer's (21 mL/kg) and returning the shed blood.
In the carotid cannulation group, nearly 50% of the animals had seizures after resuscitation, and most of those animals died following the seizures. The 24-h survival rate in the femoral artery cannulation group was significantly higher than in the carotid artery cannulation group. Femoral cannulated animals had no seizures following reperfusion.
Femoral artery cannulation was associated with considerably better survival than carotid artery cannulation in this rodent model of hemorrhagic shock. The occurrence of seizures in animals undergoing carotid cannulation suggests brain damage from inadequate cerebral perfusion or subsequent reperfusion damage.
大鼠失血性休克模型被广泛应用。在该模型中，可通过颈总动脉或股动脉插管来抽血并测量血压。在采用颈总动脉途径进行出血的动物中，我们观察到休克后阶段出现惊厥活动，提示存在一定程度的脑损伤。本研究的假设是，在严重失血性休克模型中，股动脉插管的动物存活率高于颈总动脉插管的动物。
所有动物（n = 90）使用麻醉蒸发器吸入异氟烷进行麻醉，同时自主呼吸。第1组，对左颈总动脉和颈静脉进行插管；第2组，对左股动脉和股静脉进行插管。经过一段失血性休克期（血压维持在20至30 mmHg，持续30、60或50 - 90分钟）后，通过静脉插管给予L - 乳酸林格氏液（21 mL/kg）并回输 shed blood进行复苏。
在颈总动脉插管组中，近50%的动物复苏后出现惊厥，且大多数动物在惊厥后死亡。股动脉插管组的24小时存活率显著高于颈总动脉插管组。股动脉插管的动物再灌注后未出现惊厥。
在这个啮齿动物失血性休克模型中，股动脉插管与比颈总动脉插管显著更好的存活率相关。颈总动脉插管动物中惊厥的发生提示脑灌注不足或随后的再灌注损伤导致脑损伤。
