Aring Eva, Andersson Susann, Hård Anna-Lena, Hellström Ann, Persson Eva-Karin, Uvebrant Paul, Ygge Jan, Hellström Ann
Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Neuroscience, The Sahlgrenska Academy of Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
Strabismus. 2007 Apr-Jun;15(2):79-88. doi: 10.1080/09273970701405305.
To investigate heterotropia, heterophoria, head posture, nystagmus, stereo acuity, ocular motility and near point of convergence (NPC) in children with hydrocephalus treated surgically before 1 year of age. In addition, the effects of being born with hydrocephalus, the effect of the etiology of hydrocephalus, number of shunt revisions and the size of the ventricles on these variables were studied.
A population-based study was performed in 75 children and the results were compared with the results of an age- and sex-matched group (comp group) (n = 140).
Heterotropia 68.9% (comp group 3.6%; p < 0.001), abnormal head posture 41.3% (comp group 0; p < 0.001), nystagmus 44.0% (comp group 0; p < 0.001), stereo acuity < or =60'' 33.8% (comp group 97.1%; p < 0.001) and ocular motility defects 69.7% (comp group 0.7%; p < 0.001) were more common among children with hydrocephalus than in the comparison group. Children with overt hydrocephalus at birth had significantly more heterotropia (p = 0.0006), esotropia (p = 0.002), abnormal head posture (p = 0.02) and motility defects (p = 0.003) compared to those with hydrocephalus developing during the first year of life. The etiology, number of shunt revisions and the size of the ventricles had no significant effect on any of the investigated variables.
Children with hydrocephalus surgically treated before the age of one year commonly present orthoptic abnormalities. The etiology of hydrocephalus, number of shunt revisions and ventricle size seem to be of minor importance compared with the age of onset of hydrocephalus with regard to the risk for orthoptic abnormalities.
研究1岁前接受手术治疗的脑积水患儿的斜视、隐斜视、头位、眼球震颤、立体视锐度、眼球运动及近点集合（NPC）情况。此外，还研究了先天性脑积水、脑积水病因、分流术修正次数及脑室大小对这些变量的影响。
对75名儿童进行了一项基于人群的研究，并将结果与年龄和性别匹配组（对照组）（n = 140）的结果进行比较。
脑积水患儿中斜视发生率为68.9%（对照组为3.6%；p < 0.001），异常头位发生率为41.3%（对照组为0；p < 0.001），眼球震颤发生率为44.0%（对照组为0；p < 0.001），立体视锐度≤60''发生率为33.8%（对照组为97.1%；p < 0.001），眼球运动缺陷发生率为69.7%（对照组为0.7%；p < 0.001），均比对照组更为常见。与出生后第一年发生脑积水的患儿相比，出生时即有明显脑积水的患儿斜视（p = 0.0006）、内斜视（p = 0.002）、异常头位（p = 0.02）及运动缺陷（p = 0.003）更为显著。脑积水病因、分流术修正次数及脑室大小对任何一项研究变量均无显著影响。
1岁前接受手术治疗的脑积水患儿通常存在视光学异常。就视光学异常风险而言，与脑积水发病年龄相比，脑积水病因、分流术修正次数及脑室大小似乎不太重要。
