Tripi Gabriele, Roux Sylvie, Canziani Tatiana, Bonnet Brilhault Frédérique, Barthélémy Catherine, Canziani Fabio
Department of Child Neuropsychiatry, Aiuto Materno Hospital, University of Palermo, Via Lancia di Brolo 10, Palermo, Italy.
Early Hum Dev. 2008 Apr;84(4):217-23. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2007.04.005. Epub 2007 Jun 13.
To investigate the rate and topological profile of minor physical anomalies (MPAs) (prenatal errors of morphogenesis) in a group of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), in order to better set a temporal framing of embryological factors involved in the neurodevelopmental etiology.
A new modified Waldrop scale and a mixed approach of computerized photogrammetry and classic anthroposcopy was used to detect the presence or absence of 41 MPAs in 24 children (mean age: 7 years; sex ratio: 22M:2F) with ASD and 24 healthy comparison subjects (mean age: 7 years; sex ratio: 19M:5F) selected with DSM IV and CARS.
We found that children with ASD presenting MPAs (n=23; 96%) had significantly higher rates of MPAs in four body areas (head, ears, mouth, hands); interestingly three of 41 MPAs best discriminated ASD groups from comparison subjects: abnormal head circumference, abnormal cephalic index, abnormal palate. Moreover, our results suggest that most MPAs occur predominantly after the first trimester of pregnancy.
These results support a prenatal neurodevelopmental model of the autism spectrum disorder.
调查一组自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童中轻微身体异常（MPA，形态发生的产前缺陷）的发生率和拓扑特征，以便更好地确定神经发育病因中涉及的胚胎学因素的时间框架。
采用一种新改良的沃尔德罗普量表以及计算机摄影测量和经典人体测量学的混合方法，检测24名（平均年龄：7岁；性别比例：22名男性：2名女性）患有ASD的儿童和24名（平均年龄：7岁；性别比例：19名男性：5名女性）根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV）和儿童孤独症评定量表（CARS）选取的健康对照受试者中41种MPA的有无。
我们发现，出现MPA的ASD儿童（n = 23；96%）在四个身体部位（头部、耳朵、嘴巴、手部）的MPA发生率显著更高；有趣的是，41种MPA中有三种能最好地区分ASD组和对照受试者：头围异常、头指数异常、腭异常。此外，我们的结果表明，大多数MPA主要发生在怀孕的前三个月之后。
这些结果支持自闭症谱系障碍的产前神经发育模型。
