Taylor Wesley G, Fields Paul G, Sutherland Daniel H
Saskatoon Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 0X2, Canada.
J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Jul 11;55(14):5491-8. doi: 10.1021/jf0705062. Epub 2007 Jun 14.
Crude methanol extracts from four cultivated varieties of mature lentil seeds (Lens culinaris Medik.) were found to possess antifeedant and insecticidal properties in laboratory tests with the rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae L.), an insect pest of stored products. Flash chromatography with silica gel on active Diaion HP-20 methanol extracts gave flavonol, lysolecithin, soyasaponin, and peptide fractions, as determined by HPLC and electrospray ionization LC/MS. The flavonol fraction was shown by high-resolution NMR experiments to contain a mixture of kaempferol 3-O-beta-glucopyranosyl(1-->2)-O-[alpha-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->6)]-beta-galactopyranoside-7-O-alpha-rhamnopyranoside and, tentatively, kaempferol 3-O-beta-glucopyranosyl(1-->2)-O-[alpha-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->6)]-beta-glucopyranoside-7-O-alpha-rhamnopyranoside. These inactive tetraglycosides, although inseparable under the reported HPLC conditions, were detected by NMR spectroscopy in nearly equal proportions. Three lysolecithins were identical to those previously identified in pea extracts. Soyasaponin I (soyasaponin Bb) and soyasaponin VI (soyasaponin betag) were found in Diaion HP-20 methanol extracts. An insecticidal lentil peptide with a mass of 3881 Da, isolated from an Eston variety in small quantities by anion exchange chromatography, was related to the cysteine-rich pea albumin 1b class of botanical insecticides. Binary mixtures of the insecticidal lentil peptide and soybean soyasaponin I were synergistic in tests with S. oryzae.
在对储粮害虫米象（Sitophilus oryzae L.）进行的实验室测试中，发现从四种栽培的成熟小扁豆种子（Lens culinaris Medik.）中提取的粗甲醇提取物具有拒食和杀虫特性。通过硅胶在活性Diaion HP - 20甲醇提取物上进行快速色谱分离，得到了黄酮醇、溶血卵磷脂、大豆皂苷和肽级分，这是通过高效液相色谱（HPLC）和电喷雾电离液相色谱/质谱（LC/MS）测定的。高分辨率核磁共振（NMR）实验表明，黄酮醇级分含有山奈酚3 - O - β - 吡喃葡萄糖基（1→2） - O - [α - 鼠李吡喃糖基（1→6）] - β - 吡喃半乳糖苷 - 7 - O - α - 鼠李吡喃糖苷的混合物，初步鉴定还含有山奈酚3 - O - β - 吡喃葡萄糖基（1→2） - O - [α - 鼠李吡喃糖基（1→6）] - β - 吡喃葡萄糖苷 - 7 - O - α - 鼠李吡喃糖苷。这些无活性的四糖苷，尽管在报道的HPLC条件下无法分离，但通过核磁共振光谱法检测到它们的比例几乎相等。三种溶血卵磷脂与先前在豌豆提取物中鉴定出的相同。在Diaion HP - 20甲醇提取物中发现了大豆皂苷I（大豆皂苷Bb）和大豆皂苷VI（大豆皂苷βg）。通过阴离子交换色谱法从小扁豆Eston品种中少量分离出一种质量为3881 Da的杀虫扁豆肽，它与富含半胱氨酸的豌豆白蛋白1b类植物杀虫剂有关。在对米象进行的测试中，杀虫扁豆肽和大豆大豆皂苷I的二元混合物具有协同作用。
