Tournas V H, Kohn J S, Katsoudas E J
Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, 5100 Paint Branch Parkway, College Park, MD 20740, USA.
Int J Food Microbiol. 2007 Aug 15;118(1):83-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2007.04.013. Epub 2007 May 26.
In an effort to identify a more suitable antibiotic for utilization in mycological media, 12 food borne fungal species from various genera including Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Eurotium chevalieri, Fusarium moniliforme, Penicillium sp., Rhizopus stolonifer, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida tropicalis, Geotrichum candidum, Rhodotorula glutinis and Kluyveromyces thermotolerans along with 21 chloramphenicol-resistant bacterial isolates from fresh produce and ATCC cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. fluorescens, E. coli, Pectobacterium carotovorum, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus spp. were tested for their abilities to grow on dichloran rose bengal agar containing various levels of gentamicin, chlortetracycline or chloramphenicol. Results indicated that all fungal isolates except for Rh. glutinis and R. stolonifer grew well on all media tested. Rh. glutinis did not grow on media containing gentamicin whereas R. stolonifer produced very restricted or no growth on these media. All bacterial isolates from fresh produce, P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and P. fluorescens (ATCC BAA-477) grew well at 100, 125 and 150 mg chloramphenicol/liter medium, but they did not grow on media containing chlortetracycline (100, 125, or 150 mg/L) or gentamicin (15, 25, or 35 mg/L). P. aeruginosa (ATCC 10145) grew well on media containing chloramphenicol or gentamicin, but not in the presence of chlortetracycline. P. carotovorum, E. coli, B. cereus and Staphylococcus spp. did not grow on any of the selective media tested.
为了确定一种更适合在真菌培养基中使用的抗生素，对来自不同属的12种食源性真菌进行了测试，这些真菌包括链格孢、黄曲霉、黑曲霉、谢瓦曲霉、串珠镰刀菌、青霉属、匍枝根霉、酿酒酵母、热带假丝酵母、白地霉、粘红酵母和耐热克鲁维酵母，同时还测试了21株来自新鲜农产品的耐氯霉素细菌分离株以及铜绿假单胞菌、荧光假单胞菌、大肠杆菌、胡萝卜软腐果胶杆菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌和葡萄球菌属的ATCC培养物，检测它们在含有不同水平庆大霉素、金霉素或氯霉素的孟加拉红氯霉素琼脂上的生长能力。结果表明，除了粘红酵母和匍枝根霉外，所有真菌分离株在所有测试培养基上均生长良好。粘红酵母在含有庆大霉素的培养基上不生长，而匍枝根霉在这些培养基上生长非常受限或不生长。所有来自新鲜农产品的细菌分离株、铜绿假单胞菌（ATCC 27853）和荧光假单胞菌（ATCC BAA - 477）在每升培养基含100、125和150毫克氯霉素的培养基上生长良好，但在含有金霉素（100、125或150毫克/升）或庆大霉素（15、25或35毫克/升）的培养基上不生长。铜绿假单胞菌（ATCC 10145）在含有氯霉素或庆大霉素的培养基上生长良好，但在有金霉素的情况下不生长。胡萝卜软腐果胶杆菌、大肠杆菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌和葡萄球菌属在任何测试的选择性培养基上均不生长。
