Lafont Olivier
Faculté de médecine et de pharmacie, 22 boulevard Gambetta, 76803 Rouen.
Rev Hist Pharm (Paris). 2007 Jan;54(352):447-52.
Lavoisier and his co-workers (Guyton de Morveau, Bertholet, Fourcroy) considered that acids were constituted of oxygen and of something else that they called radicals. These radicals were known in some cases, i.e. nitrogen for nitrous acid, carbon for carbonic acid, phosphorus for phosphoric acid. In the case of sulfur, the sulfuric radical could be associated with different quantities of oxigen leading to sulfuric or sulfurous acids. In other cases radicals remained unknown at the time i.e. muriatic radical for muriatic acid, or benzoyl radical for benzoic acid. It is interesting to notice that Lavoisier evoked the case of compound radicals constituted of different substances such as carbon and hydrogen.
拉瓦锡和他的同事们（盖顿·德·莫尔沃、贝托莱、富尔克罗伊）认为，酸是由氧和他们称之为基的其他物质组成的。在某些情况下，这些基是已知的，例如亚硝酸的氮、碳酸的碳、磷酸的磷。就硫而言，硫酸根可以与不同量的氧结合，形成硫酸或亚硫酸。在其他情况下，当时这些基仍不为人知，例如盐酸的盐酸根，或苯甲酸的苯甲酰基。有趣的是，拉瓦锡提到了由不同物质如碳和氢组成的复合基的情况。
