Combs S M, Botzler R G
Department of Wildlife, Humboldt State University, Arcata, California 95521.
J Wildl Dis. 1991 Oct;27(4):543-50. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-27.4.543.
We tested the hypothesis that wildfowl activities can influence the risk of avian cholera (Pasteurella multocida infection) for susceptible birds at Centerville, Humboldt County, California (USA). Avian cholera mortality characteristics from past epizootics were correlated with variations in flock size, habitat use and 11 feeding and nonfeeding behaviors among six empirically defined groups of wildfowl: American coots (Fulica americana), tundra swans (Cygnus columbianus), American wigeon (Anas americana), northern pintails (A. acuta), northern shovelers (A. clypeata)/mallards (A. platyrhynchos), and teal (A. discors, A. crecca, A. cyanoptera). The position of these wildfowl groups in past mortality sequences was directly correlated with mean flock size, time spent on land, and time spent grazing on land or in shallow water. We propose that variations in bird density, habitat use and frequency of grazing may serve as predisposing factors to avian cholera among wildfowl.
在美国加利福尼亚州洪堡县森特维尔，野生水禽的活动会影响易感鸟类感染禽霍乱（多杀性巴氏杆菌感染）的风险。过去禽霍乱疫情的死亡特征与六个根据经验定义的野生水禽群体的种群规模变化、栖息地利用情况以及11种取食和非取食行为相关，这六个群体分别是：美洲骨顶鸡（Fulica americana）、苔原天鹅（Cygnus columbianus）、美国绿头鸭（Anas americana）、针尾鸭（A. acuta）、琵嘴鸭（A. clypeata）/绿头鸭（A. platyrhynchos）以及绿翅鸭（A. discors、A. crecca、A. cyanoptera）。这些野生水禽群体在过去死亡序列中的位置与平均种群规模、在陆地停留的时间以及在陆地或浅水区觅食的时间直接相关。我们认为，鸟类密度、栖息地利用情况和觅食频率的变化可能是野生水禽感染禽霍乱的诱发因素。
