Wonodi Ikwunga, Reeves Gloria, Carmichael Dana, Verovsky Ilene, Avila Matthew T, Elliott Amie, Hong L Elliot, Adami Helene M, Thaker Gunvant K
Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21228, USA.
Mov Disord. 2007 Sep 15;22(12):1777-82. doi: 10.1002/mds.21618.
Recent years have witnessed increased antipsychotic treatment of children despite limited long-term safety data in children. In this study, motor side effects associated with the use of antipsychotic drugs in children were examined in a sample of pediatric psychiatric patients. Child and adolescent psychiatric patients receiving antipsychotics (most were on atypicals) for 6 months or longer (n = 118) were compared with antipsychotic-naïve patients (n = 80) with similar age, sex ratio, and diagnoses. Only 19% of patients on antipsychotics had ever experienced psychotic symptoms. Eleven children (9%) on antipsychotics exhibited dyskinesia, when compared with 0 in the naïve group (P = 0.003, Fisher's exact test). Nine of 62 African-American children (15%) on antipsychotics exhibited dyskinesia, when compared with only 4% (2 of 52) of European-American children (P = 0.003, Fisher's exact test). Children treated with antipsychotic drugs might experience a significant risk of dyskinesia even when treated only with atypical antipsychotics. Ethnicity might also be a risk factor for dyskinesia in children. Side-effect profile of the atypical antipsychotic drugs in children may be much different than that in adults.
近年来，尽管儿童长期安全性数据有限，但儿童抗精神病药物治疗仍有所增加。在本研究中，我们在一组儿科精神病患者样本中检查了与儿童使用抗精神病药物相关的运动副作用。将接受抗精神病药物治疗（大多数使用非典型药物）6个月或更长时间的儿童和青少年精神病患者（n = 118）与年龄、性别比例和诊断相似但未使用过抗精神病药物的患者（n = 80）进行比较。使用抗精神病药物的患者中只有19%曾经历过精神病症状。使用抗精神病药物的11名儿童（9%）出现了运动障碍，而未使用过抗精神病药物的组中这一比例为0（P = 0.003，Fisher精确检验）。在使用抗精神病药物的62名非裔美国儿童中，有9名（15%）出现了运动障碍，而在欧美儿童中这一比例仅为4%（52名中有2名）（P = 0.003，Fisher精确检验）。即使仅使用非典型抗精神病药物治疗，接受抗精神病药物治疗的儿童也可能面临显著的运动障碍风险。种族也可能是儿童运动障碍的一个风险因素。儿童非典型抗精神病药物的副作用情况可能与成人有很大不同。
