Kaiser Shari M, Malik Harmit S, Emerman Michael
Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Science. 2007 Jun 22;316(5832):1756-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1140579.
Primate genomes contain a large number of endogenous retroviruses and encode evolutionarily dynamic proteins that provide intrinsic immunity to retroviral infections. We report here the resurrection of the core protein of a 4-million-year-old endogenous virus from the chimpanzee genome and show that the human variant of the intrinsic immune protein TRIM5alpha can actively prevent infection by this virus. However, we suggest that selective changes that have occurred in the human lineage during the acquisition of resistance to this virus, and perhaps similar viruses, may have left our species more susceptible to infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1).
灵长类动物基因组包含大量内源性逆转录病毒，并编码具有进化动态性的蛋白质，这些蛋白质为逆转录病毒感染提供内在免疫力。我们在此报告了从黑猩猩基因组中复活一种400万年前内源性病毒的核心蛋白，并表明内在免疫蛋白TRIM5α的人类变体可以有效预防该病毒的感染。然而，我们认为，人类谱系在获得对这种病毒以及可能类似病毒的抗性过程中发生的选择性变化，可能使我们的物种更容易受到1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）的感染。
