Lai Chun-Fu, Kao Tze-Wah, Wu Ming-Shiou, Chiang Shou-Shang, Chang Chung-Hsin, Lu Chia-Sheng, Yang Chwei-Shiun, Yang Chih-Ching, Chang Hong-Wei, Lin Shuei-Liong, Chang Chee-Jen, Chen Pei-Yuan, Wu Kwan-Dun, Tsai Tun-Jun, Chen Wang-Yu
Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Am J Kidney Dis. 2007 Jul;50(1):124-32, 132.e1-2. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2007.04.021.
People who have come close to death may report an unusual experience known as a near-death experience (NDE). This study aims to investigate NDEs and their aftereffects in dialysis patients.
Cross-sectional study.
SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: 710 dialysis patients at 7 centers in Taipei, Taiwan.
Demographic characteristics, life-threatening experience, depression, and religiosity.
NDE and self-perceived changes in attitudes or behaviors.
Greyson's NDE scale, Royal Free Questionnaire, 10-Question Survey, Ring's Weighted Core Experience Index, and Beck Depression Inventory.
45 patients had 51 NDEs. Mean NDE score was 11.9 (95% confidence interval, 11.0 to 12.9). Out-of-body experience was found in 51.0% of NDEs. Purported precognitive visions, awareness of being dead, and "tunnel experience" were uncommon (<10%). Compared with the no-NDE group, subjects in the NDE group were more likely to be women and younger at life-threatening events. Both frequency of participation in religious ceremonies and pious religious activity correlated significantly with NDE score in patients with NDEs (P < 0.01 and P = 0.01, respectively). The NDE group reported being kinder to others (P = 0.04) and more motivated (P = 0.02) after their life-threatening events than the no-NDE group.
Determining the incidence of NDEs is dependent on self-reporting. Many NDEs occurred before the patient began long-term dialysis therapy. Causality between NDE and aftereffects cannot be inferred.
NDE is not uncommon in the dialysis population and is associated with positive aftereffects. Nephrology care providers should be aware of the occurrence and aftereffects of NDEs. The high occurrence of life-threatening events, availability of medical records, and accessibility and cooperativeness of patients make the dialysis population very suitable for NDE research.
濒临死亡的人可能会报告一种被称为濒死体验（NDE）的异常经历。本研究旨在调查透析患者的濒死体验及其后遗症。
横断面研究。
台湾台北7个中心的710名透析患者。
人口统计学特征、危及生命的经历、抑郁和宗教信仰。
濒死体验和自我感知的态度或行为变化。
格雷森濒死体验量表、皇家自由问卷、10题调查问卷、林氏加权核心体验指数和贝克抑郁量表。
45名患者有51次濒死体验。濒死体验平均得分11.9（95%置信区间，11.0至12.9）。51.0%的濒死体验中出现了离体体验。所谓的预知幻象、意识到自己已死亡以及“隧道体验”并不常见（<10%）。与无濒死体验组相比，濒死体验组的受试者在危及生命事件中更可能为女性且年龄更小。参与宗教仪式的频率和虔诚的宗教活动与有濒死体验患者的濒死体验得分均显著相关（分别为P < 0.01和P = 0.01）。濒死体验组报告称，在经历危及生命事件后，他们比无濒死体验组对他人更友善（P = 0.04）且更有动力（P = 0.02）。
濒死体验发生率的确定依赖于自我报告。许多濒死体验发生在患者开始长期透析治疗之前。无法推断濒死体验与后遗症之间的因果关系。
濒死体验在透析人群中并不罕见，且与积极的后遗症相关。肾脏病护理人员应了解濒死体验的发生情况及其后遗症。危及生命事件的高发生率、病历的可获取性以及患者的可及性和合作性使透析人群非常适合进行濒死体验研究。
