Vesikari Timo, Sadzot-Delvaux Catherine, Rentier Bernard, Gershon Anne
University of Tampere Medical School, Tampere, Finland.
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2007 Jul;26(7):632-8. doi: 10.1097/INF.0b013e3180616c8f.
Universal mass vaccination according to a 2-dose measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine schedule is recommended by the World Health Organization and is fundamental to the control of these important diseases. Very high coverage (first dose, > or =95%; second dose, > or =80%) is necessary to achieve and sustain high population immunity, and eventually interrupt indigenous transmission of these diseases. In 2006, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices issued a recommendation for 2 doses of varicella vaccine to be given universally to children. Coadministration of MMR and varicella vaccines, though efficacious and well tolerated, can be difficult because of the 2 separate injections and associated compliance issues. In addition to the general advantages of a combined vaccine, recently registered measles-mumps-rubella-varicella (MMRV) vaccines could facilitate introduction of varicella universal mass vaccination by simplifying administration and providing the potential to achieve high coverage rates for these 4 diseases.
世界卫生组织建议按照两剂次的麻疹-腮腺炎-风疹（MMR）疫苗接种程序进行普遍的大规模疫苗接种，这对于控制这些重要疾病至关重要。要实现并维持高人群免疫力，并最终阻断这些疾病的本土传播，需要非常高的疫苗接种覆盖率（第一剂，≥95%；第二剂，≥80%）。2006年，免疫实践咨询委员会发布了一项建议，即普遍为儿童接种两剂水痘疫苗。MMR疫苗和水痘疫苗同时接种虽然有效且耐受性良好，但由于需要进行两次单独注射以及相关的依从性问题，实施起来可能会有困难。除了联合疫苗的一般优势外，最近注册的麻疹-腮腺炎-风疹-水痘（MMRV）疫苗可以通过简化接种流程，并有可能实现这四种疾病的高接种覆盖率，从而促进水痘普遍大规模疫苗接种的推广。
