神经病学的最新进展

Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.

Niger Postgrad Med J. 2007 Jun;14(2):146-50.

OBJECTIVE

This review aims to highlight the significant developments in neuroscience and clinical neurology that have been recorded in the past few years.

METHODS

Original research and reviews were identified by searching PubMed for articles published from January 1995 using the following search terms: recent, developments, advances, progress, neurology, and neuroscience.

RESULTS

Notable strides have been made in the management of neurological conditions like stroke and epilepsy. There is also greater understanding of the pathogenesis of the neurodegenerative diseases, and some form of treatment is now available for previously 'untreatable' conditions like motor neuron disease and Alzheimer's disease. The application of the techniques of molecular genetics and molecular cell biology has advanced the understanding and diagnosis of several neurological disorders, such as Huntington's disease and myotonic dystrophy. Clinical neurology has also profited from the huge advances in structural and functional brain imaging that have taken place in recent years. Areas of current research include the potential use of stem cells to treat a wide variety of neurological disorders, and the use of nerve growth factors to promote regeneration of neurons in the central nervous system.

CONCLUSION

Current advances in neurology and neuroscience hold the promise of new approaches to the understanding and management of neurological diseases.

目的

本综述旨在突出过去几年神经科学和临床神经病学领域取得的重大进展。

方法

通过在PubMed中检索1995年1月以来发表的文章来确定原始研究和综述，检索词如下：近期、进展、进步、发展、神经病学和神经科学。

结果

在中风和癫痫等神经系统疾病的治疗方面取得了显著进展。对神经退行性疾病的发病机制也有了更深入的了解，现在对于运动神经元病和阿尔茨海默病等以前“无法治疗”的疾病也有了某种形式的治疗方法。分子遗传学和分子细胞生物学技术的应用推动了对几种神经系统疾病（如亨廷顿舞蹈病和强直性肌营养不良症）的认识和诊断。临床神经病学也受益于近年来脑结构和功能成像技术的巨大进步。当前的研究领域包括干细胞治疗多种神经系统疾病的潜在用途，以及使用神经生长因子促进中枢神经系统神经元再生。