Sivan Gisha, Venketesvaran K, Radhakrishnan C K
Department of Marine Biology, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, Foreshore Road, Kochi 682006, Kerala, India.
Toxicon. 2007 Sep 15;50(4):563-71. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2007.05.002. Epub 2007 May 16.
Scatophagus argus of the family Scatophagidae inflicts painful wounds in fishermen during handling. The clinical picture is characterized by excruciating and persistent local pain disproportionate to the size of injury, redness, swelling and a throbbing sensation that extends to the limbs, followed by dizziness. The biological properties of the S. argus venom were studied to assess its risk and lethal factors with regard to human welfare. In contrast to other fish venoms, S. argus showed relatively low LD50 (9.8 mg/kg via i.p.). Haemolytic activity in human erythrocytes was recorded. Platelet lysis expressed as LDH activity of lysed cells was dose dependent. S. argus venom failed to induce any clot in human plasma. No PLA(2) activity was found in S. argus venom. Mild proteolytic activity was observed. The injection of venom in mice produced lesions and nociception, which were not inhibited by antihistamine pheniramine maleate, suggesting that histamine was not involved in the inflammatory process. The increase in serum creatine kinase activity indicated myotoxicity. Cytotoxicity on HeLa cells was observed. The spectrum of activity in experimental animals of S. argus crude venom resembles those of other fish venoms previously studied and well correlated to the systemic manifestations that are described for S. argus envenomation.
鲹科的细鳞鲳在渔民处理过程中会造成疼痛的伤口。临床症状表现为与伤口大小不相称的极度疼痛且持续存在的局部疼痛、发红、肿胀以及延伸至四肢的搏动性感觉，随后会出现头晕。对细鳞鲳毒液的生物学特性进行了研究，以评估其对人类健康的风险和致死因素。与其他鱼类毒液不同，细鳞鲳显示出相对较低的半数致死量（腹腔注射为9.8毫克/千克）。记录了其对人红细胞的溶血活性。以裂解细胞的乳酸脱氢酶活性表示的血小板裂解呈剂量依赖性。细鳞鲳毒液未能在人血浆中诱导任何凝血。在细鳞鲳毒液中未发现磷脂酶A2活性。观察到轻度的蛋白水解活性。给小鼠注射毒液会产生损伤和伤害感受，抗组胺药马来酸氯苯那敏对此并无抑制作用，这表明组胺不参与炎症过程。血清肌酸激酶活性的增加表明存在肌毒性。观察到对HeLa细胞的细胞毒性。细鳞鲳粗毒液在实验动物中的活性谱与先前研究的其他鱼类毒液相似，并且与细鳞鲳中毒所描述的全身表现密切相关。
