Harms G, Schulze K, Moneta I, Baryomunsi C, Mbezi P, Poggensee G
Institute of Tropical Medicine, the Charité-University Medicine Berlin.
SAHARA J. 2005 Jul;2(2):258-66. doi: 10.1080/17290376.2005.9724849.
Awareness and knowledge about HIV mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) and preventive measures in different population groups and health personnel were analysed in future intervention areas in western Uganda and southwestern Tanzania. In Uganda, a total of 751 persons (440 clients of antenatal and outpatient clinics, 43 health workers, 239 villagers, 29 traditional birth attendants) and in Tanzania, 574 persons (410 clients, 49 health workers, 93 villagers, 18 traditional birth attendants) were interviewed. When given options, knowledge on transmission during pregnancy and delivery in women was 93% and 67% in Uganda and Tanzania respectively, and 86% and 78% for transmission during breastfeeding. In Uganda 59% of male interviewees did not believe that HIV is transmitted during breastfeeding. Expressed acceptance of HIV testing was above 90% in men and women in both countries, but only 10% of the clients in Uganda and 14% in Tanzania had been tested for HIV infection. Health workers' knowledge regarding MTCT was acceptable, while traditional birth attendants' knowledge on both MTCT and preventive measures was extremely poor. Recom endations on infant feeding were not compatible with WHO recommendations for HIV-infected women. If prevention of MTCT (PMTCT) interventions are to be accepted by the population and promoted by health personnel, thorough orientation and training are mandatory.
对乌干达西部和坦桑尼亚西南部未来干预地区不同人群及卫生人员关于艾滋病毒母婴传播（MTCT）及预防措施的知晓情况和知识水平进行了分析。在乌干达，共采访了751人（440名产前和门诊诊所的服务对象、43名卫生工作者、239名村民、29名传统助产士）；在坦桑尼亚，采访了574人（410名服务对象、49名卫生工作者、93名村民、18名传统助产士）。在给出选项的情况下，乌干达和坦桑尼亚的妇女对孕期和分娩期间传播的知晓率分别为93%和67%，对母乳喂养期间传播的知晓率分别为86%和78%。在乌干达，59%的男性受访者不认为艾滋病毒会在母乳喂养期间传播。两国的男性和女性对艾滋病毒检测的接受率均高于90%，但乌干达只有10%的服务对象、坦桑尼亚只有14%的服务对象接受过艾滋病毒感染检测。卫生工作者关于母婴传播的知识水平尚可，而传统助产士关于母婴传播及预防措施的知识极其匮乏。关于婴儿喂养的建议与世界卫生组织针对艾滋病毒感染妇女的建议不一致。若要使预防母婴传播（PMTCT）干预措施被民众接受并由卫生人员推广，必须进行全面的指导和培训。
