高山地区地衣中¹³⁷Cs的生态半衰期
Ecological half-life of 137Cs in lichens in an alpine region.
作者信息
Machart Peter, Hofmann Werner, Türk Roman, Steger Ferdinand
机构信息
Division of Physics and Biophysics, Department of Materials Engineering and Physics, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Strasse 34, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
出版信息
J Environ Radioact. 2007;97(1):70-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2007.05.003. Epub 2007 Jun 28.
About 17 years after the Chernobyl accident, lichen samples were collected in an alpine region in Austria (Bad Gastein), which was heavily contaminated by the Chernobyl fallout. Measured 137Cs activity concentrations in selected lichens (Cetraria islandica, Cetraria cucullata, and Cladonia arbuscula) ranged from 100 to 1100 Bq kg(-1) dry weight, depending on lichen species and sampling site. Ecological half-lives for 137Cs in different lichen samples, obtained by comparison with earlier measurements of the same lichen species at the same site, ranged from 2 to 6 years, with average values between 3 and 4 years. Comparison with earlier studies indicated that ecological half-lives hardly changed during the last 10 years, suggesting that ecological clearance mechanisms (e.g. washout or soil transfer) did not vary substantially at the selected sampling area.
切尔诺贝利事故发生约17年后，在奥地利一个受切尔诺贝利沉降物严重污染的高山地区（巴特加斯泰因）采集了地衣样本。所选地衣（冰岛石蕊、兜石蕊和丛状石蕊）中测得的137铯活度浓度范围为100至1100贝克勒尔/千克干重，这取决于地衣种类和采样地点。通过与同一地点相同地衣种类的早期测量结果进行比较，得出不同地衣样本中137铯的生态半衰期范围为2至6年，平均值在3至4年之间。与早期研究的比较表明，在过去10年中生态半衰期几乎没有变化，这表明在选定的采样区域，生态清除机制（如冲刷或土壤转移）没有显著变化。
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