Monteiro R C C, Figueiredo C F, Alendouro M S, Ferro M C, Davim E J R, Fernandes M H V
Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, New University of Lisbon, 2829 Caparica, Portugal.
Waste Manag. 2008;28(7):1119-25. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2007.05.004. Epub 2007 Jul 2.
The characterization of the bottom ashes produced by two Portuguese municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWI) was performed with the aim of assessing the feasibility of using this waste as raw material in the production of glass that can be further processed as glass-ceramics for application in construction. Density and particle size distribution measurements were carried out for physical characterization. Chemical characterization revealed that SiO(2), a network glass former oxide, was present in a relatively high content (52-58wt%), indicating the suitability for this waste to be employed in the development of vitreous materials. CaO, Na(2)O and K(2)O, which act as fluxing agents, were present in various amounts (2-17wt%) together with several other oxides normally present in ceramic and glass raw materials. Mineralogical characterization revealed that the main crystalline phases were quartz (SiO(2)) and calcite (CaCO(3)) and that minor amounts of different alkaline and alkaline-earth aluminosilicate phases were also present. Thermal characterization showed that the decomposition of the different compounds occurred up to 1100 degrees C and that total weight loss was <10wt%. Heating both bottom ashes at 1400 degrees C for 2h resulted in a melt with suitable viscosity to be poured into a mould, and homogeneous black-coloured glasses with a smooth shiny surface were obtained after cooling. The vitrified bottom ashes were totally amorphous as confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The results from the present experimental work indicate that the examined bottom ashes can be a potential material to melt and to obtain a glass that can be further processed as glass-ceramics to be applied in construction.
对两座葡萄牙城市固体废物焚烧炉（MSWI）产生的底灰进行了表征，目的是评估将这种废物用作生产玻璃的原材料的可行性，该玻璃可进一步加工成微晶玻璃用于建筑领域。进行了密度和粒度分布测量以进行物理表征。化学表征表明，作为网络玻璃形成氧化物的SiO₂含量相对较高（52 - 58wt%），这表明这种废物适合用于开发玻璃材料。作为助熔剂的CaO、Na₂O和K₂O以不同含量（2 - 17wt%）存在，同时还含有陶瓷和玻璃原材料中通常存在的其他几种氧化物。矿物学表征表明，主要晶相为石英（SiO₂）和方解石（CaCO₃），并且还存在少量不同的碱金属和碱土金属铝硅酸盐相。热表征表明，不同化合物在1100℃以下发生分解，总重量损失<10wt%。将两种底灰在1400℃下加热2小时，得到了具有适合浇铸到模具中的粘度的熔体，冷却后获得了表面光滑有光泽的均匀黑色玻璃。X射线衍射证实玻璃化底灰完全非晶态。本实验工作的结果表明，所研究的底灰可能是一种潜在的材料，可用于熔化并获得一种玻璃，该玻璃可进一步加工成微晶玻璃用于建筑领域。
