Ponter A A, Salter D N, Morgan L M, Flatt P R
Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, Shinfield, Berkshire.
Br J Nutr. 1991 Sep;66(2):187-97. doi: 10.1079/bjn19910024.
The aim of the experiment was to test the theory that accustoming pigs to a high-fat diet causes exaggerated gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) secretion in response to a high-fat meal, and to determine whether hypersecretion of GIP could be related to an increase in the GIP content of the small intestine. Twenty-four pigs were fed one of three dietary regimens for 11 weeks: a high-carbohydrate diet (CL), or a high-fat diet (FL), both fed at 1.46 MJ gross energy (GE)/kg live weight0.75 per d, or a high-fat diet (FH) fed at 2.10 MJ GE/kg live weight0.75 per d. At the end of the period two acute tests were performed. For acute test 1 the accustomed meal (diets CL, FL and FH) and for acute test 2 a standard high-fat meal (diet FL) were given; blood samples were taken during the next 5 h and analysed for GIP, insulin and glucose. Integrated increases in hormone and glucose levels were compared by analysis of variance (0-300 min). In acute test 1 there were significantly different plasma GIP concentrations between groups (CL greater than FH greater than FL; P less than 0.05). Plasma insulin concentrations were significantly higher in group CL compared with groups FL and FH (P less than 0.002). There were no differences in glucose levels. In acute test 2 integrated increases in plasma GIP (0-300 min) concentrations were not significantly different; however, GIP (0-45 min) concentrations were significantly higher in group FH than in groups CL and FL (P less than 0.05). There were no differences in plasma insulin concentrations. Plasma glucose (0-300 min) concentrations were significantly higher in groups FL and FH compared with group CL (P less than 0.05). The GIP content of tissue samples taken at the end of the experiment from the duodenum, jejunum, upper and lower ileum decreased significantly in a proximal to distal direction (P less than 0.001). Diet FH significantly increased the average GIP content of the small intestine compared with diets CL and FL (P less than 0.05). It is concluded that fat meal-stimulated GIP secretion was enhanced by increased feeding level during a pre-treatment phase, possibly due to an increase in GIP synthesis in the small intestine. The high-fat diet caused glucose intolerance after a high-fat meal. This may be due in part to the action of dietary fat on glucose transport and metabolism.
使猪适应高脂饮食会导致其在摄入高脂餐后胃抑制性多肽（GIP）分泌增加，并确定GIP分泌过多是否可能与小肠中GIP含量的增加有关。24头猪被给予三种饮食方案之一，持续11周：高碳水化合物饮食（CL），或高脂饮食（FL），二者均按每日每千克活体重0.75提供1.46兆焦总能（GE），或高脂饮食（FH），按每日每千克活体重0.75提供2.10兆焦GE。在此阶段结束时进行了两项急性试验。急性试验1给予习惯的餐食（CL、FL和FH饮食），急性试验2给予标准高脂餐（FL饮食）；在接下来的5小时内采集血样，分析其中的GIP、胰岛素和葡萄糖。通过方差分析（0 - 300分钟）比较激素和葡萄糖水平的综合升高情况。在急性试验1中，各组之间血浆GIP浓度存在显著差异（CL大于FH大于FL；P小于0.05）。与FL组和FH组相比，CL组的血浆胰岛素浓度显著更高（P小于0.002）。葡萄糖水平无差异。在急性试验2中，血浆GIP（0 - 300分钟）浓度的综合升高无显著差异；然而，FH组的GIP（0 - 45分钟）浓度显著高于CL组和FL组（P小于0.05）。血浆胰岛素浓度无差异。与CL组相比，FL组和FH组的血浆葡萄糖（0 - 300分钟）浓度显著更高（P小于0.05）。在实验结束时从十二指肠、空肠、回肠上段和下段采集的组织样本中的GIP含量从近端到远端显著降低（P小于0.001）。与CL和FL饮食相比，FH饮食显著增加了小肠的平均GIP含量（P小于0.05）。得出的结论是，预处理阶段喂养水平的提高增强了脂肪餐刺激的GIP分泌，这可能是由于小肠中GIP合成增加所致。高脂饮食导致高脂餐后葡萄糖不耐受。这可能部分归因于膳食脂肪对葡萄糖转运和代谢的作用。
