Sato Itaru, Yoshikawa Atsuko, Ishiwari Atsuya, Shimizu Keiko
Forensic Biology Unit, Scientific Crime Laboratory, Kanagawa Prefectural Police, Naka-ku, Yamashita-cho 155-1, Yokohama, Japan.
J Androl. 2007 Nov-Dec;28(6):821-6. doi: 10.2164/jandrol.106.002451. Epub 2007 Jul 3.
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is usually detected in male adult urine and semen according to the Tanner stage development of males from birth to adolescence. To further study the pituitary-testicular axis in males, we determined urinary PSA levels in primates. Urinary PSA was detected with the use of anti-human PSA monoclonal antibody in male adult Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscaa fuscata) of seasonal breeding status. PSA activity in aseasonal animals (crab-eating macaques, Macaca fascisularis) did not change throughout the year; however, alterations in PSA activity were observed in Japanese macaques during breeding season, with the highest levels observed between October and January, the lowest levels between January and June, and a gradual increase in PSA activity observed from August until October. Although primate urinary PSA produces 2 polypeptide bands of approximately 55 and 33 kd, in addition to a band corresponding to human urinary PSA, the 33-kd polypeptide band was less pronounced during nonbreeding season in Japanese macaques. Urinary testosterone (T) levels in seasonally breeding animals (Japanese macaques) changed in parallel with urinary PSA levels. When urinary PSA and T levels were compared among animals during the breeding season (from October to February) and the nonbreeding season (from March to September), significantly increased PSA and T levels were observed during the breeding season. Furthermore, PSA and T levels in a monkey housed in a cage placed between 2 female cages were elevated compared with other monkeys. Increased PSA activity was observed concurrent with menstrual blood loss in females. These results suggest a link between PSA activity and testosterone levels, which could be influenced by changes in the female menstrual cycle.
前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）通常可在成年男性尿液和精液中检测到，这与男性从出生到青春期的坦纳分期发育情况相关。为了进一步研究男性的垂体-睾丸轴，我们测定了灵长类动物尿液中的PSA水平。使用抗人PSA单克隆抗体在处于季节性繁殖状态的成年雄性日本猕猴（Macaca fuscaa fuscata）中检测尿液PSA。非季节性繁殖动物（食蟹猕猴，Macaca fascisularis）全年的PSA活性没有变化；然而，在繁殖季节观察到日本猕猴的PSA活性有变化，10月至1月期间水平最高，1月至6月期间水平最低，8月至10月期间PSA活性逐渐升高。尽管灵长类动物尿液中的PSA除了产生一条与人尿液PSA相对应的条带外，还产生两条约55和33kd的多肽条带，但在日本猕猴的非繁殖季节，33kd的多肽条带不太明显。季节性繁殖动物（日本猕猴）尿液中的睾酮（T）水平与尿液PSA水平平行变化。当比较繁殖季节（10月至2月）和非繁殖季节（3月至9月）动物的尿液PSA和T水平时，繁殖季节观察到PSA和T水平显著升高。此外，与其他猴子相比，饲养在两个雌性笼子之间笼子里的一只猴子的PSA和T水平升高。在雌性中观察到PSA活性增加与月经失血同时发生。这些结果表明PSA活性与睾酮水平之间存在联系，这可能受女性月经周期变化的影响。
