Marcaccini Andrés, López-Peña Mónica, Bermúdez Roberto, Quiroga María Isabel, Guerrero Florentina H, Nieto José María, Alemañ Nuria
Cátedra de Histología II y Embriología Especial, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Casilda, Argentina.
Vet Microbiol. 2007 Dec 15;125(3-4):232-43. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.05.027. Epub 2007 Jun 13.
Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical gas with important roles in the host's immune response against viral infections. In this study, we examined the kinetics and distribution of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expression during the early steps of infection of the porcine nervous system by the alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus (PRV). To this end, we examined changes in the expression of the three major NOS isoforms, neuronal NOS (nNOS), endothelial NOS (eNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS), by immunohistochemistry in the trigeminal ganglia and brain of pigs inoculated intranasally with a virulent PRV strain. The results obtained show that infection of the porcine nervous system by PRV induced a rapid and progressive increment in NOS expression that coincided in timing, location, and magnitude with those of virus propagation in the nervous tissue. A major finding of this study was that PRV caused not only nNOS and iNOS induction in a variety of cell types, but also eNOS up-regulation in endothelial cells and neurons; therefore, all possible sources of NO are activated and probably contribute to the overproduction of NO during infection with the neurotropic alphaherpesvirus PRV in its natural host.
一氧化氮（NO）是一种自由基气体，在宿主针对病毒感染的免疫反应中发挥重要作用。在本研究中，我们检测了甲型疱疹病毒伪狂犬病病毒（PRV）感染猪神经系统早期阶段一氧化氮合酶（NOS）表达的动力学和分布情况。为此，我们通过免疫组织化学方法检测了经鼻接种强毒PRV株的猪三叉神经节和脑中三种主要NOS同工型，即神经元型NOS（nNOS）、内皮型NOS（eNOS）和诱导型NOS（iNOS）的表达变化。所得结果表明，PRV感染猪神经系统会导致NOS表达迅速且逐渐增加，其时间、位置和幅度与病毒在神经组织中的传播情况一致。本研究的一个主要发现是，PRV不仅能在多种细胞类型中诱导nNOS和iNOS表达，还能使内皮细胞和神经元中的eNOS上调；因此，在其天然宿主感染嗜神经性甲型疱疹病毒PRV期间，所有可能的NO来源均被激活，可能导致NO过量产生。
