McNabney Matthew K, Wolff Jennifer L, Semanick Lisa M, Kasper Judith D, Boult Chad
Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2007 Jul;8(6):409-12. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2007.03.001.
To quantify and characterize the chronic conditions of older Americans who live in nursing homes (NHs) but have minimal disability and might be able to live in less restrictive and less expensive settings.
Secondary analysis of the 1999 National Nursing Home Survey.
NH staff members familiar with the care of residents who were 65 years or older and had resided in the NH for more than 100 days.
We defined "higher-functioning" residents as those who received help from NH staff in 0-2 activities of daily living. We then classified these higher-functioning residents according to their conditions requiring chronic care: impaired mobility, conditions requiring rehabilitation, mental health disorders, incontinence, severe sensory impairment, and medical conditions (congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus, Parkinson's disease).
One-fifth (19.8%) of the NH residents met the criteria for "higher-functioning" (n=1145). Of these, 64.1% had mental disorders, 40.4% had impaired mobility, 20.6% were incontinent, 18% had conditions requiring rehabilitative therapy, 8.7% had severe sensory impairment, and 43.0% had one or more of the four medical diagnoses.
Many higher-functioning long-stay nursing home residents have chronic care needs that are similar to those of older adults who live in private residences. Many such persons may be able to live in community settings.
对居住在养老院但残疾程度较轻、可能能够生活在限制较少且费用较低环境中的美国老年人的慢性病情况进行量化和特征描述。
对1999年全国养老院调查进行二次分析。
熟悉65岁及以上且在养老院居住超过100天的居民护理情况的养老院工作人员。
我们将“功能较高”的居民定义为在日常生活的0 - 2项活动中接受养老院工作人员帮助的居民。然后，我们根据这些功能较高的居民所需的慢性护理情况进行分类：行动不便、需要康复治疗的情况、心理健康障碍、大小便失禁、严重感觉障碍以及疾病情况（充血性心力衰竭、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、糖尿病、帕金森病）。
五分之一（19.8%）的养老院居民符合“功能较高”的标准（n = 1145）。其中，64.1%患有精神障碍，40.4%行动不便，20.6%大小便失禁，18%有需要康复治疗的情况，8.7%有严重感觉障碍，43.0%患有四种疾病诊断中的一种或多种。
许多功能较高的长期居住在养老院的居民有与居住在私人住宅中的老年人相似的慢性护理需求。许多这样的人可能能够生活在社区环境中。
