Alvarado-Esquivel Cosme, Mercado-Suarez Miguel Francisco, Rodríguez-Briones Alfredo, Fallad-Torres Laura, Ayala-Ayala Julio Octavio, Nevarez-Piedra Luis Jorge, Duran-Morales Ehecatl, Estrada-Martínez Sergio, Liesenfeld Oliver, Márquez-Conde José Angel, Martínez-García Sergio Arturo
Faculty of Medicine, Juárez University of Durango State (UJED), Durango, Mexico.
BMC Infect Dis. 2007 Jul 13;7:75. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-7-75.
Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection in blood donors could represent a risk for transmission in blood recipients. There is scarce information about the epidemiology of T. gondii infection in blood donors in Mexico. Therefore, we sought to determine the prevalence of T. gondii infection and associated socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics in a population of healthy blood donors of Durango City, Mexico.
Four hundred and thirty two blood donors in two public blood banks of Durango City, Mexico were examined for T. gondii infection between August to September 2006. Blood donors were tested for anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies by using enzyme-linked immunoassays (Diagnostic Automation Inc., Calabasas, CA, USA). Socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics from each participant were also obtained.
Thirty two (7.4%) of 432 blood donors had IgG anti-T. gondii antibodies. Eight (1.9%) of them had also IgM anti-T. gondii antibodies. Multivariate analysis using logic regression showed that T. gondii infection was associated with the presence of cats at home (adjusted OR = 3.81; 95% CI: 1.45-10.01). The age group of 45-60 years showed a significantly higher frequency of T. gondii infection than the group of 25-34 years (p = 0.02). Blood donors without education had a significantly higher frequency of infection (15.8%) than those with 13-19 years of education (4.5%) (p = 0.04). Other characteristics of blood donors including male gender, consumption of undercooked meat or blood transfusion did not show an association with infection.
The prevalence of T. gondii infection in healthy blood donors of Durango City, Mexico is lower than those reported in blood donors of south and central Mexico, and is one of the lowest reported in blood donors worldwide. T. gondii infection in our blood donors was most likely acquired by contact with cats. Prevalence of infection increased with age and decreased with educational level.
献血者感染弓形虫可能会给受血者带来输血传播风险。关于墨西哥献血者弓形虫感染的流行病学信息匮乏。因此，我们试图确定墨西哥杜兰戈市健康献血者人群中弓形虫感染的患病率以及相关的社会人口学和行为特征。
2006年8月至9月期间，对墨西哥杜兰戈市两家公立血库的432名献血者进行了弓形虫感染检测。采用酶联免疫分析法（美国加利福尼亚州卡拉巴萨斯市诊断自动化公司）检测献血者的抗弓形虫IgG和IgM抗体。还获取了每位参与者的社会人口学和行为特征。
432名献血者中有32名（7.4%）抗弓形虫IgG抗体呈阳性。其中8名（1.9%）同时抗弓形虫IgM抗体也呈阳性。使用逻辑回归进行的多变量分析表明，弓形虫感染与家中养猫有关（调整后的比值比 = 3.81；95%置信区间：1.45 - 10.01）。45 - 60岁年龄组的弓形虫感染频率显著高于25 - 34岁年龄组（p = 0.02）。未受过教育的献血者感染频率（15.8%）显著高于接受13 - 19年教育的献血者（4.5%）（p = 0.04）。献血者的其他特征，包括男性性别、食用未煮熟的肉类或输血，与感染均无关联。
墨西哥杜兰戈市健康献血者中弓形虫感染的患病率低于墨西哥中部和南部献血者的报告患病率，是全球献血者中报告患病率最低的地区之一。我们的献血者感染弓形虫很可能是通过与猫接触获得的。感染患病率随年龄增长而增加，随教育水平降低而降低。
