van den Akker Olga B A
Department of Psychology, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK.
Hum Reprod. 2007 Aug;22(8):2287-95. doi: 10.1093/humrep/dem155. Epub 2007 Jul 17.
Personality differences between surrogate mothers (SMs) who gestate and relinquish and intended mothers (IMs) who commission a genetically related or unrelated baby have been unexplored in the UK. Furthermore, the psychological effects of the arrangement have not been determined in a prospective longitudinal study, making this the first quantitative report of psychological functioning in SMs and IMs.
SMs and IMs (n = 81: 61 surrogate, 20 intended) undergoing genetic or gestational surrogacy (4 groups) were assessed by postal questionnaire during the first, second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Those with a positive outcome were assessed again in the first week, at 6 weeks and 6 months post-delivery of the surrogate baby.
There were no significant differences between or within SM and IM groups on personality characteristics. Social support, marital harmony and state anxiety differed significantly (to P < 0.01) between SMs and IMs at different stages of the arrangement. Differences in attitudes towards the pregnancy and the baby were also observed between groups during pregnancy (to P < 0.001), but there was no evidence of post-natal depression amongst the groups studied.
These results are important because they demonstrate psychological effects of the surrogate arrangement are notable and occur over an extended period of time. It also shows that psychological screening and support prior to, during and following surrogacy is indicated.
在英国，代孕并放弃孩子的代孕母亲（SMs）与委托生育有基因关联或无基因关联婴儿的意向母亲（IMs）之间的性格差异尚未得到研究。此外，一项前瞻性纵向研究尚未确定这种安排的心理影响，因此这是首份关于代孕母亲和意向母亲心理功能的定量报告。
通过邮寄问卷对接受基因代孕或妊娠代孕（4组）的代孕母亲和意向母亲（n = 81：61名代孕者，20名意向者）在妊娠的第一、第二和第三个月进行评估。代孕婴儿出生后第一周、6周和6个月时，对结局为阳性的受试者再次进行评估。
代孕母亲组和意向母亲组之间以及组内的性格特征没有显著差异。在代孕安排的不同阶段，代孕母亲和意向母亲之间的社会支持、婚姻和谐度和状态焦虑存在显著差异（P < 0.01）。在孕期，两组对妊娠和婴儿的态度也存在差异（P < 0.001），但在所研究的组中没有产后抑郁的迹象。
这些结果很重要，因为它们表明代孕安排的心理影响是显著的，并且会持续很长一段时间。这也表明在代孕之前、期间和之后都需要进行心理筛查和提供支持。
