Marshall I
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 Jul 18(3):CD001364. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001364.pub2.
Of the eight trials conducted since 1984 investigating the use of zinc in the treatment of the common cold, four have shown some benefit while the remainder have shown no benefit. Treatment masking and reduced bioavailability of zinc from some formulations have been claimed to influence the results reported. This review was undertaken to assess the overall usefulness of zinc as a treatment for the common cold.
Interest in zinc as a treatment for the common cold has grown following the recent publication of several controlled trials. The objective of this review was to assess the effects of zinc lozenges for cold symptoms.
A search was made of the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, MEDLINE, EMBASE and reference lists of articles. Searches were run to the end of 1997.
Randomised double blind placebo-controlled trials of zinc for acute upper respiratory tract infection or cold.
Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed trial quality.
Seven trials involving 754 cases were included. With the exception of one study, the methodological quality was rated as medium to high. For most outcome measures different summary estimates were used across the studies to describe the duration, incidence and severity of respiratory symptoms. This limited the ability to pool results. Results from two trials (04 - Mossad; 08 - Smith) suggested zinc lozenges reduced the severity and duration of cold symptoms. However, there was significant potential for bias, and further research is required to substantiate these findings. Overall, the results suggest that treatment with zinc lozenges did not reduce the duration of cold symptoms.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Evidence of the effects of zinc lozenges for treating the common cold is inconclusive. Given the potential for treatment to produce side effects, the use of zinc lozenges to treat cold symptoms deserves further study.[This abstract has been prepared centrally.].
自1984年以来，共进行了八项关于锌治疗普通感冒的试验，其中四项显示出一定益处，其余则未显示出益处。有人声称治疗的隐蔽性以及某些制剂中锌的生物利用度降低影响了所报告的结果。进行本综述以评估锌作为普通感冒治疗方法的总体效用。
随着最近几项对照试验的发表，人们对锌作为普通感冒治疗方法的兴趣有所增加。本综述的目的是评估锌含片对感冒症状的影响。
检索了Cochrane对照试验注册库、MEDLINE、EMBASE以及文章的参考文献列表。检索截至1997年底。
锌用于急性上呼吸道感染或感冒的随机双盲安慰剂对照试验。
两名评价员独立提取数据并评估试验质量。
纳入了七项试验，共754例病例。除一项研究外，方法学质量被评为中到高。对于大多数结局指标，各研究使用了不同的汇总估计值来描述呼吸道症状的持续时间、发生率和严重程度。这限制了合并结果的能力。两项试验（04 - 莫萨德；08 - 史密斯）的结果表明锌含片可减轻感冒症状的严重程度和持续时间。然而，存在显著的偏倚可能性，需要进一步研究来证实这些发现。总体而言，结果表明锌含片治疗并未缩短感冒症状的持续时间。
锌含片治疗普通感冒效果的证据尚无定论。鉴于该治疗可能产生副作用，使用锌含片治疗感冒症状值得进一步研究。[本摘要由中心统一编写。]
