Li Li, Gao Xiu-lai, Song Yi-zhi, Xu Heng, Yu Guang-yan, Zhu Zheng-hong, Liu Jing-ming
Department of Anatomy, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
Chin Med J (Engl). 2007 Jul 5;120(13):1179-82.
Transplanting a vascularized autologous submandibular gland (SMG) is considered an effective method to treat severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca. But the operation may fail due to the anatomic variances in the blood vessels of SMG. The present study aimed to investigate the submandibular glands at the microanatomy level.
The microanatomy of blood vessels including arteries and veins of submandibular gland was investigated using 30 adult corpses and 60 submandibular glands were anatomized under a surgical microscope. The lengths and diameters of the arterial and venous glandular branches were measured using sliding caliper.
The submandibular gland was mainly supplied by the facial artery and submental artery, partly by the lingual artery and external jugular artery. The venous drainage of the submandibualr gland occurred through the anterior facial vein, the venae comitantes of facial artery, the vein close to the Whaston's duct (the hilum vein), and seldom drained to external jugular vein and other veins.
The anatomy of SMG is a complicated structure. Determining the main blood vessels of the submandibular gland is very important to achieve a successful vascularized autologous SMG transplant.
移植带血管蒂的自体下颌下腺（SMG）被认为是治疗重度干燥性角结膜炎的有效方法。但该手术可能因下颌下腺血管的解剖变异而失败。本研究旨在从微观解剖层面研究下颌下腺。
使用30具成年尸体研究下颌下腺血管（包括动脉和静脉）的微观解剖结构，在手术显微镜下解剖60个下颌下腺。用游标卡尺测量腺动脉和腺静脉分支的长度和直径。
下颌下腺主要由面动脉和颏下动脉供血，部分由舌动脉和颈外动脉供血。下颌下腺的静脉血经面前静脉、面动脉伴行静脉、靠近沃顿管的静脉（门静脉）回流，很少回流至颈外静脉及其他静脉。
下颌下腺的解剖结构复杂。确定下颌下腺的主要血管对于成功进行带血管蒂的自体下颌下腺移植非常重要。
