[Surgical and medical treatment for localized prostate cancer].

With the advent of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening, prostate cancer is increasingly diagnosed in the early stage. For localized prostate cancer, radical prostatectomy is considered the most reliable curative therapy. Radiation therapy can also be curative in localized prostate cancer. Watchful waiting is a reasonable approach in adequately selected cases. More recently, several investigations reported the usefulness of primary hormone therapy for localized and locally advanced prostate cancer, especially for patients showing a favorable initial response. This article summarizes briefly reviews of various approaches in localized prostate cancer.